the case of loan for consumption, oncoming the oral argument in the civil first instance.

 the case of loan for consumption, oncoming the oral argument in the civil first instance.

[my opinion]
the point of the case is that, overlapping of the administrative and judicial procedure, how to handle with?
exception, for example, the <administrative penalty act> article 26, happen to the competition of administrative penalty and criminal penalty, the criminal penalty has priority in the procedure.
the similar exception rules in the <the township and county-administered city mediation act>.

the outline of this case is:
Miss Xiao lent to Miss Zhong, there has a written loan contract.
the debtor Zhong has been delinquent in paying notwithstanding the demand of the creditor.
then the creditor Xiao sued the debtor Zhong, the litigation had been assigned to the summary court.
the amount of value no more than 500 thousand new Taiwan dollars belong to summary proceeding, the amount no more than 10 thousand belong to small proceeding.
both been handled by the summary courts.
the defendant Zhong had been noticed for the oral argument date, she petitioned the borough hall for mediation, with the wish for settlement before the oral argument day.

during the pending litigation, may petition for mediation.
except after the conclusion of the oral argument session in the first instance and before the  first instance judgment made, there may not petition for mediation.
【note: <the township and county-administered city mediation act> article 10, ministry of justice the eleven December 2007 no.0960046776 letter】
after judgment have been made, may petition for mediation.
I has been receiving many case under that situation, especially for how to implement the judgment.
if the mediation reach the settlement after judgment, which has the binding effect based on the which occur in the latter.

petitioned by parties, no effect on the judicial proceedings.
but referred by the court, <the township and county-administered city mediation act> article 12 rule, the civil judicial proceeding will to be stop.
if the mediation couldn't reach the settlement, <the township and county-administered city mediation act> article 12, article 26 3, the litigation proceeding shall resume accordingly.

the mediation reach the settlement during the pending litigation and approved by court, <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act >Article 28 rule, the litigation concluded, and plaintiff may request return the two third of the litigation cost.

[the fact]
on May first, seventh, eleventh 2023, both signed the contract of loan for consumption.
the amount is 55 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same).
Miss Xiao is lender, Miss Zhong is borrower.
Miss Zhong has delinquent in paying.

[appendix in the dossier]
the petition form for mediation
date on May first 2023 the receipt copy for loan 30 thousand.
May seventh for 1 thousand.
May eleventh for 15 thousand.
the summary court notice, cause: return loan, due time: June forteenth 2023, proceeding: oral-argument.
Miss Zhong's identity card copy.
Miss Xiao's identity card copy.
Miss Xiao's deposit book cover copy.

[terms of settlement]
both reach the settlement:
1. Miss Zhong repay Miss Xiao 55 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same). transfer to designating account: post 000-000.
2. by installments, from July 2023, pay 5 thousand before the fifth of each month, until pay off, if delinquent once time, the all installments deem expired.
3. for civil both abandon the remaining claim rights.(below blank)

[reference]
<the township and county-administered city mediation act> Article 10:
For the case that under Article 1 one party may apply for the mediation, if the oral argument has been concluded in the first instance, no such application may be initiated.

<the township and county-administered city mediation act> Article 28:
For the civil action pending in the court, where a successful mediation is reached and the mediation agreement is approved by the court before the judgment becomes final and binding, the action is concluded accordingly. The plaintiff may move for the return of two third of the court costs paid within three months from the day of the service of the successful mediation approved by the court.

【ministry of justice the eleven December 2007 no.0960046776 letter】
1.The civil mediation approved by the court shall have the same effect as a binding judgment under the civil litigation. rule in <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 27. so same act article 10 rule:"For the case that under Article 1 one party may apply for the mediation, if the oral argument has been concluded in the first instance, no such application may be initiated." the purpose is to avoid double binding judgments exist. so the oral argument has been concluded in the first instance, no such application may be initiated. but the judgment has been entered but before becomes binding, refer to context of <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> article 28, on the judgment entered but before binding, may apply for mediation.
2.if judgment had been binding(payment order binding same as binding judgment), both parties bound by binding judgment. if there were not new facts and evidence be found, there is no need to petition for mediation. but the litigation to end and had been out of judicial procedure, if both agree to move to mediation again(reasons such as reduce payment, allow installments, et cetera), on account of rights of the parties’ disposition, they may petition for mediation once again.

消費借貸案例，已進入民事第一審，將開言辭辯論庭。

 消費借貸案例，已進入民事第一審，將開言辭辯論庭。

[筆者短評]
這個案例的重點在於，行政調解和司法程序重疊時，如何處理?
行政程序和司法程序沒有特別規定時，是並行而不互相干擾的。
例外如<行政罰法>第26條行政罰和刑罰競合時，以刑事罰優先。
<鄉鎮市調解條例>也有類似的特別規定。

本件案情大概是:
蕭OO借錢給鍾OO，有立紙本借據。
但債務人鍾OO屢催不還，於是債權人蕭OO已經告上法院，已分案給簡易庭。
50萬以下屬於簡易案件，10萬以下屬於小額案件，都屬簡易庭處理的案件。
在收到言辭辯論庭的通知後，被告之債務人來申請調解，希望可以在開庭前和解。

在訴訟繫屬中，也可以聲請調解。
惟一的例外是第一審辯論終結後，判決前，不得聲請調解。
【鄉鎮市調解條例第10條、法務部96年12月11日法律決字第0960046776號書函】
判決後還是可以聲請調解，筆者收過不少判決後還來聲請調解的，特別是針對履行協議有關的調解。
判決後又再成立調解，會有既判力以後者為準的問題。

由當事人聲請的調解，不影響民事司法審判的進行。
只有在由法院裁定移付調解時，依<鄉鎮市調解條例>第12條規定，訴訟程序才會停止進行。
訴訟停止中若調解不成立，依<鄉鎮市調解條例>依第12條、第26條第3項，法院應續行訴訟程序。

訴訟繫屬中若調解成立，依<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條規定，並經法院核定者，訴訟終結，並可退還2/3裁判費。


[事實]
112年5月1日、7日、11日間,雙造成立消費借貸,總計金額新台幣(下同)5萬5千元整,
蕭OO為出借人,鍾OO為借用人,屆期未還。


[卷內附件]
調解聲請書
112年5月1日3萬元借據影本
112年5月7日1萬元借據影本
112年5月11日1萬5千元借據影本
地方法院簡易庭通知書，案由:返還借款，應到時間112年6月14日上午9點，期日種類:言辭辯論。
鍾OO身分證影本
蕭OO身分證影本
蕭OO郵局存折封面影本

[筆錄記載]
雙造同意成立調解:
―、鍾OO還款給付蕭OO臺幣(下同)5萬5千元整。匯入指定帳號:郵局蕭OO000-000。
二、雙造同意以分期方式給付:自民國112年7月起,按月於每月15日前給付5千元整(最末期應給付
之金額為未清償之餘額),至全部清償完畢為止,如有一期未按時履行,視為全部到期。
三、民事部分,造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權。(以下空白)


[附錄]
<鄉鎮市調解條例>第10條
第一條所定得調解事件已在第一審法院辯論終結者，不得聲請調解。

<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條
民事事件已繫屬於法院，在判決確定前，調解成立，並經法院核定者，訴訟終結。原告得於送達法院核定調解書之日起三個月內，向法院聲請退還已繳裁判費三分之二。

【法務部96 年12 月11 日法律決字第0960046776 號書函】
(一)按經法院核定之民事調解，與民事確定判決有同一之效力，鄉
鎮市調解條例第27 條第2 項前段定有明文。民事事件經第一審
法院辯論終結後，隨即將宣示判決，故同條例第10 條第3 項規
定：『第一條所定得調解事件已在第一審法院辯論終結者，不得
聲請調解。』，係避免同一民事事件同時或先後產生民事確定判
決及具有與民事確定判決同一效力之調解書存在。故民事事件
經第一審辯論終結後，不得聲請調解。惟判決後確定前，參照
鄉鎮市調解條例第28 條第1 項規定之文義，似無不許在判決後
未確定前聲請之理，故經判決後尚未確定前，自仍得聲請調解。
(二)至於法院判決確定後，因已發生既判力（支付命令確定者，則
與確定判決有同一效力），兩造當事人均應受該確定判決或確定
支付命令之拘束，若無其他新的情事，就同一事件固無再聲請
調解之必要。惟因原訴訟業已脫離法院之繫屬，若兩造當事人
均認為有必要而同意再進行調解（如有關原確定判決所命給付
金額或利息之減少，或是允許分期付款等），基於尊重當事人之
權利處分權，自非不得再聲請調解。」

judicial affairs officer disapproved-withdraw criminal complaint in the record.

 judicial affairs officer disapproved-withdraw criminal complaint in the record.

the borough mediation and the other administration mediation had be reviewed by judges.
after January first 2023, reviewed by judicial affairs officers.
on September, the decree, that number is Chinese I can't translate, announced by judicial yuan.

I communicate with mediation clerks in other borough,
in comparison with the past, the amount of judicial affairs officers disapprove cases is multiply.
for example, the disapproved cases in the jurisdiction city where I work in.
when mediation reviewed by judges.
January through June 2021, there were 35 cases disapproved.
July through December 2021, 50.
January through June 2022, 33.
July through December 2022, 58.
when mediation reviewed by judicial affairs officers.
January through June 2023, there were 119 cases disapproved.

there are my opinions about this disapproved reasons.

[the case number one]
<settlement terms>
1.the applicant pay the respondent 60 thousand in New Taiwan dollars (bellow as same), include the compulsory insurance. the 20 thousand pay on the spot, the respondent check it immediately. before January 16th 2023 the remaining 4 thousand should be paid off, transfer to respondent's Ruifang post account(the account number).
2.the settlement exclude the damage of vehicle 000-000.
3.both abandon other civil claims, the respondent agree to withdraw the criminal compliant about the applicant.

<disapproved reasons>
1.the scope of settlement is unclear, whether include the damage of vehicle 000-000 is unclear.
2.in mediation terms you should not record withdrawing the criminal complaint, that couldn't  be performed by by enforcement.

[my opinion]
for 1, I can't understand what he means, may be scanty of context.
for 2, judicial affairs officer don't comprehend <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 28 apparently.
neither comprehend <The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 128, 130, he incorrectly interpret that the case couldn't be performed by enforcement.

this is a little more academic.

in general, the method of withdrawing criminal complaint is by letter or oral to public prosecutor only.
the terms of settlement on withdrawing complaint between parties, until submit to public prosecutor in letter or oral yet, that not take effect.
<Mediation Act> Article 26 say, that the terms of settlement couldn't be performed by enforcement, would be the reasons of disapproving.
there are the derivative question is:
the terms of withdrawing criminal complaint, could that not be performed by enforcement?

if interpret the withdrawing as expressing a specific intention.
<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 130 rule, an enforcement title that ordering to express intention, is deemed as having expressed that intention, when the title becomes irrevocable.
instead of the withdrawing letter, the accused submit the approved mediation settlement to local prosecutor office enough.

if interpret the withdrawing as an act that can't be performed by others.
<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 128 rule,
the act can not be performed by others, the court may fine the debtor, make the debtor performing.
that's continuous fine until the debtor had carry out.
if debtor fail pay the fine, the court may place the debtor into custody.
custody one time for three months, if he fail to withdraw complaint yet, place custody for three months again.

so there are not at all the question couldn't be performed by enforcement.

the second.
that withdrawing the complaint may be recorded in the terms of mediation settlement on the borough hall.
that be regulated in the <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 28.
the judicial affairs officer who want to disapprove the mediation case, he should understand the rules.

[appendix]
<The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 26
When the mediation agreement cannot get approved by the court, due to its contents violating the rules or conflicting with public policy or public moral, the court shall inform the township or county-administered cities with the reasons. For the cases referred by the court and getting disapproval, the litigation proceeding shall resume accordingly.
noted: there translation is miss the phrase "couldn't be performed by enforcement".

<The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 28
For the criminal cases instituted only upon the complaint, the successful mediation is reached during the investigation or before the conclusion of debate in the court of first instance and the intention of withdrawing the complaint of the party has been recorded in the mediation agreement, which is approved by the court, the complaint or private prosecution shall be deemed as withdrawn at the time the successful mediation is reached.

<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 24
The duration of a custody shall not exceed three months.
Where a new reason for the custody occurs, the debtor may be placed into custody again, provided that this is limited to one time.

<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 128
Where a debtor, pursuant to the enforcement title, shall perform a specific act and the act cannot be performed by others on his/her behalf, and the debtor fails to perform it, the enforcement court may determine a time limit for the debtor to perform it. Where the debtor fails to perform it, the enforcement court may impose a default surcharge of no less than NTD 30,000 to no more than 300,000. Where the court determines a fixed time limit for the performance again and the debtor still fails to perform it, the enforcement court may impose the default surcharge again or place him/her into custody.

<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 130
Where a judgment ordering the debtor to express a specific intention becomes irrevocable or an enforcement title bearing the same effect with an irrevocable judgment is created, the debtor is deemed as having expressed that intention since when the judgment becomes irrevocable or the enforcement title is created.

司法事務官不予核定：撤回刑事告訴,不得載於調解筆錄中,無法強制執行。

司法事務官不予核定：撤回刑事告訴,不得載於調解筆錄中,無法強制執行。


鄉鎮市調解書，以及其他行政機關的調解書，原來由法官核審。
自民國112年1月1日起。改由司法事務官審核。
<司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028026號函>
<司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028010號令修正發布「司法事務官辦理各類事務之範圍」>

就筆者和其他區調解秘書交流得知，司法事務官駁回的量遠高於是過去法官駁回量。
以筆者所在轄區為例。
由法官審核調解書。
110年01月至06月不予核定案例有35例。
110年07月至12月不予核定案例有50例。
111年01月至06月不予核定案例有33例。
111年07月至12月不予核定案例有58例。
改由司法事務官審核調解書。
112年01月至06月不予核定案例有119例。

所以小弟我對司法事務官的不予核定理由發表一些小小的個人看法。


[案例編號]1
<調解書內容>
一.聲請人同意賠償對造人新台幣(下同)壹裕陸萬元整(含汽機車強制責任保險理賠),聲請人於調解成立日當場給付貳萬元整予對造人收取無誤,剩餘金額壹拾肆萬元整,於112年1月16日前給付,並將款填匯至對造人瑞芳郵局帳戶(局號 ,帳號 ⋯)。
二.本次和解範圍不含車輛(⋯·)之車損。
三.兩造其他請求拋棄,對造人並同意撤回對聲請人之刑事告訴。

<不予核定理由>
一.和解範圍,是否含⋯車損不明。
二.撤回刑事告訴,不得載於調解筆錄中,無法強制執行。

[筆者短評]
第一點不知道在寫什麼。
第二點顯然是司法事務官不瞭解<解鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條第2項而生的疏漏。
也不瞭解<強制執行法>第128條、第130條而誤以為不能強制執行。
完整條文請參考以下附錄。

這裡討論學術一點。

一般認為，刑事告訴一定要具狀或言辭向檢察官撒回。
當事人間撤回刑事告訴的約定，在向檢察官具狀撤回告訴前，尚不生撤回告訴的效力。
而調解條例26表明，調解條款的內容不能強制執行，可以是法院不予核定的理由之一。
於是這裡衍生一個問題:
撤回刑事告訴的約定，不能強制執行嗎?

如果把撤回刑事告訴理解為「意思表示」
依<強制執行法>第130條規定，意思表示之執行名義成立者，視為自其確定或成立時，債務人已為意思表示。
被告一方的當事人可以直接拿經核定的調解書，代替撤回告訴狀，送到地檢署即可。

如果把撤回刑事告訴理解為「不能替代的行為」
<強制執行法>第128條規定，不能代履行的行為，可以處怠金，促使當事人履行。
就是對義務人罰錢，連續罰到他履行為止。
罰錢沒繳還可以管收，關三個月，再不撤，再關三個月。

所以根本沒有不能執行的問題。

其次。
調解書可以載明當事人同意撤回告訴，這是<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條第2項明定的。
司法事務官在駁回前，應該要查清楚法律規定。


[附錄]
<鄉鎮市調解條例>第26條第3項
法院因調解內容牴觸法令、違背公共秩序或善良風俗或不能強制執行而未予核定者，應將其理由通知鄉、鎮、市公所。法院移付調解者，並應續行訴訟程序。

<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條第2項
告訴乃論之刑事事件於偵查中或第一審法院辯論終結前，調解成立，並於調解書上記載當事人同意撤回意旨，經法院核定者，視為於調解成立時撤回告訴或自訴。

<強制執行法>第24條
管收期限不得逾三個月。
有管收新原因發生時，對於債務人仍得再行管收，但以一次為限。

<強制執行法>第128條
依執行名義，債務人應為一定之行為，而其行為非他人所能代履行者，債務人不為履行時，執行法院得定債務人履行之期間。債務人不履行時，得處新臺幣三萬元以上三十萬元以下之怠金。其續經定期履行而仍不履行者，得再處怠金或管收之。

<強制執行法>第130條
命債務人為一定之意思表示之判決確定或其他與確定判決有同一效力之執行名義成立者，視為自其確定或成立時，債務人已為意思表示。

(update)the civil case disapproved _ without identity document, couldn't determine who was someone.

(update)the civil case disapproved _ without identity document, couldn't determine who was someone.

[my opinion]
this is the old post be renewed.
the case by disapproved twice, update the schedule.

every time judicial affairs office disapproved, they will pick up one settlement and save it in their cabinet.
then mail the reminding to the borough hall back.
during the borough mediation, I make the six settlements as same on the spot. only six.
that is, six settlements mailed to the court, then mailed back five.
if disapproved repeatedly, the settlements will less and less, down to zero.
if approved at last, due to one be given to the both parties respectively, one be saved by the borough office, that amount of settlements may be not enough.

I guess that the local court pick one for purpose about compiling the cases disapproved.
but if the court's purpose is saving, why not copy settlement is OK?
then.
the twice disapproved of this time, I think that issue is trivial, is not important.

<1. the first, the judicial affairs office hold>
not add the identity documents.

but the case had been the copy of household certification there, the name of applicant and others all on this.
I don't know what was the judicial affairs office indicated "identity documents".
does the household certification is insufficient?
I heard something about ignorance of judicial affairs officer from the other borough clerk.
therefore, I reorganize the dossier, in letter remind there was household certification, tag a sticker on that, submit it to the local court for review again.

because corporationC didn't assign someone in present, and not appoint the driver Mr. Zheng.
I noted in mediation clause that excluded the vehicle number OOOO.

ChenB, the one of the applicants, minor, one-parent, there is proxy of his father.
applicants already provided the household certification, it's notes not omit, it could demonstrate the guardian relationship enough.

<2. the second disapproved, the judicial affairs office hold>
there were two reasons, one is the missing words, the other is "lump sum" repeatedly recorded.
the former is method of break, I add "next line", let judicial officer understand.
the letter I take to delete the surplus.

[the fact]
on February 13 2023, 07:50 o'clock, traffic accident happens.
the driver is Mr. Zheng, the vehicle owner corporationC.
the driver Mrs. Li, the vehicle owner Mr. ChenA, passenger ChenB.

[possible cause of the traffic accident on the police record]
the taxi driver Zheng:
not keep safe distance between the vehicle. (The road safe rule article 94 (1)).
note: involving driving under the influence. the case transferred to the precinct police for inspecting. the accident cause determined up to court's judgment.
note: driving under influence. (Alcohol test 0.16MG/L, violating road traffic penalty act article 35 (1) 1, the ticket number is RB06OOOO.)
the motorcycle driver Li:(blank)
the motorcycle passenger ChenB:(blank)

the corporationC hadn't designate person to participate mediation.

[appendix]
the police's letter.
(include the referral form, petition form, police initial traffic record)
applicant's household certification.
Mrs. Li's ATM card(instead post account).
Mr. Zheng's health Id card(instead identity card).
vehicle owner Chen's result of internet inquiry(instead vehicle registration).
vehicle owner corporationC's result of internet inquiry(instead vehicle registration).
the proxy of Mr. ChenA to Mrs. Li.
the proxy of Mr. ChenA guardian of ChenB to Mrs. Li.

[settlement]
1.the settlement include: the body damage of Mrs. Li, the vehicle damage of ChenA's, and the body damage of ChenB.
2.Zheng should pay lump sum Li, ChenA, ChenB the lump sum ten thousand new Taiwan dollar, exclude compulsory insurance, payment deadline is June 11 2023, transferred into the post account OOOO.
3.this case excluded the vehicle license plate number OOOO.
4.for civil, except compulsory insurance, both parties abandon the right of civil claim. for criminal, both wouldn't pursue other's criminal responsibility, the criminal complainant withdraws the complaint.

on May 17 2023, the borough hall submits to the local court for review.

on May 31 2023, the judicial affairs officer disapproves the mediation the first time, returned it to the borough hall.

[the disapproved reason(the first)]
"without identity document copies of applicant, guardian, agent, I couldn't determine the parties was of whom."

after I inspecting, the dossier submitted to the court already have attached the household certification.
on June 2 2023, in the submitted letter I pointed out there has the household certification, mailed to the local court again.

on July 5 2023, the second disapproved, back to the borough hall.
[disapproved reason(the second)]
"1. about fact, 'the accident local..' there lack follow up, may be innocent omission.
2.the second clause 'Zheng should pay lump sum Li, ChenA, ChenB', that 'lump sum' should be error."

on July 7 2023, I was inspecting:
for the first,
at the tail of the sentence I added "(next line)".
there I have nothing at the tail, meaning connecting to next line, but judicial officer may be not understand.
Is style of my writing too internet-ation?
such as this literary work, I pushed the key enter about switching to next line, I didn't let the software break automatically.
that's break style.

for the second,
I conceal the "lump sum" before the names, reserve "lump sum" before the money.
and submit it for review again.

[reference]
<for using borough mediation the court should pay attention items> number 9:
the court compile the reasons of disapproved cases in accordance with the labor and material resources, mail the reasons to the borough halls in the jurisdiction, contributing to promote performance and quality of the mediation.

(舊文更新)民調駁回案例_未附身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一

 (舊文更新)民調駁回案例_未附身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一

[筆者短評]
本篇為舊文更新。
這件被第二次不予核定，所以更新進度。

法院每次不予核定後，都要抽存1份調解書，再發回區公所，
而公所調解如有成立，筆者是當場製作6份調解書，也只有6份調解書。
也就是說，送去法院有6份調解書，駁回退回會剩下5份。
如果被反覆的駁回，調解書的件數會被愈抽愈少，最後變沒有。
因為收到核定的調解書後，雙造各送1份，公所自留1份，抽到最後可能會不夠用。

筆者猜測可能是要編輯不予核定的案例，法院才抽存留檔。
但如果法院只是要存檔，不能印1份自留就好了嗎?
況且。
這二次的駁回，筆者都覺得是屬於不重要的瑣碎問題。

<1.第一次司法事務官認為>
未檢附身分證明文件影本。

但這件筆者原本就已經有附上戶口名簿影本了，聲請人三人的名字都在上面。
不知道司法事務官所稱的「身分證明文件影本」是指什麼。戶口名簿不夠嗎?
筆者有聽過其他區的調解秘書說，司法事務官會漏看文件。
我猜是漏看了。
所以我整卷後，在公文註明卷內有戶口名簿影本，並把戶口名簿影本貼上標籤。
再送法院審核一次。

這件因為車主C公司沒派人來，也沒委任駕駛代理出席，所以註明「調解範圍不包括車輛TOO-OO7」。

聲請人之一的乘客陳B，未成年，單親，有附上爸爸的委任書。
聲請人有提供戶口名簿或謄本，且記事欄不能省略，以明法定代理關係。

<2.第二次司法事務官認為>
駁回理由有二，一是文字有漏載，二是和「總額」二字重複記載。
前者其實只是斷句問題，我加記(接下一行)，讓司法事務官可以閱讀和理解。
後者刪除贅字再送就好了。

[事實]
民國112年02月13日07時50分許，在OO市OO路OO號處，
車號TOO-OO7駕駛鄭先生、車主C公司。
車號5OO-OOM駕駛李女士、車主陳先生A、乘客陳B。
發生交通事故。

[初判表記載可能之肇事原因]
計程車鄭先生:
未保持安全車距。(道安規則第94條1項)
註:涉及酒後駕車肇事。由轄管第三分局移請地檢署查處偵辦,肇事原因請依法院之判決為最終之確定。
註:酒後駕車筆事。(酒測值0.16MG/L,處罰例第35條1項1款、舉發單號:RB06OOOO)
普通重型機車李女士:
(空白)
乘客陳B:
(空白)

C公司沒有派員，也沒有委任其他人到場調解。

[卷內附件]
警察局轉介公文
(公文檢附調解案件轉介單、聲請調解書、道路交通事故初步分析研判表)
聲請人全家的戶口名簿
李女士郵局提款卡(上有郵局帳號)
鄭先生健保卡(代替身份證)
車主陳先生車號網路查詢結果(代替行照)
車主C公司車號網路查詢結果(代替行照)
陳先生委任李女士的委任書
陳先生以陳B法定代理人身分委任李女士的委任書

[筆錄記載]
1.本件調解範圍:李女士之人傷、陳先生A之車損、陳B之人傷。
2.鄭先生單獨給付總額李女士、陳先生A、陳B總額新臺幣(下同)1萬元整(給付金額不含強制險)，應於民國112年6月11日前匯入指定之金融帳戶內給付完畢。(郵局00OOOO-OOOO81)。
3.本件調解範圍不包括車輛TOO-OO7。
4.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年5月17日公所送法院審核。

112年5月31日司法事務官第一次不予核定，退回區公所。
[不予核定理由(第一次)]
「未檢附聲請人、聲請人法定代理人、聲請人委任代理人之身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一。」


經筆者檢查，原卷早已附有聲請人等人的戶口名簿
112年6月2日，在公文註明原卷已有聲請人等人的戶口名簿，再送法院審核一次。

112年7月5日第二次不予核定，退回區公所。
[不予核定理由(第二次)]
「1.調解原因事實部分,其中「,在OO市OO區OO路OOO號處,」無後續內容,似有漏載之情形。
2.調解成立內容第二項關於「鄭OO單獨給付總額李OO、陳OO、陳OO⋯。」,其中之「總額」二字應為
誤寫。」

112年7月7日，經筆者檢查:
就1.
加註在該文句之後，補上「(接下一行)」
因為只是我後面沒有接其他文字，本意是直接接續下一行，司法事務官似乎沒有看懂。
是我的文體太網路化了嗎?
就像本篇的行文，並沒有把文句寫滿自動斷句，而是句點後直接按enter轉下一行。
這其實只是斷句問題。

就2.
把姓名前的「總額」二字刪除，保留金額前的「總額」二字。
再送核定一次。

[附錄]
<法院適用鄉鎮市調解條例應行注意事項>第9點
法院得視業務需要，於人力、物力許可範圍內，彙印調解書不予核定之理由，分送轄區內鄉、鎮、市、區內調解委員會參考，以助調解工作績效及調解書品質之提昇。

criminal mediation cases with illegal parking with threatening each other.

criminal mediation cases with illegal parking with threatening each other.

[my opinion]
parties quarrel about reporting illegal parking, then file criminal complaint against each other.
charge with public insults, threaten, injure reputation.

in the borough hall two young people still roar at each other.
until they drained off enough, mediator started to preach.
the subject of mediators' advice was that:
if you sigh the settlement, hereafter you will not meet each other.
if you don't sigh, you will meet in public prosecutors' office, the court, etc.
you will meet over and over again.

reach the mediation settlement eventually.
although the threaten is not the cases instituted only upon complaint.
I still have parties sign the withdraw complainant form.

[the fact]
<the police criminal report>
the time of criminal: December 18 2022, 15:27.
the l人cation of criminal: skip.
perpetrator Mr. Jane who has previous convictions of sexual offenses and obstructing officer duties, etc.
perpetrator Mr. Xie who has no previous conviction.
Jane and Xie quarrel about reporting illegal parking orally.
at above time and location, Jane threaten Xie: "I can shot you new, do you known?"
"you wait here, I take handcuffs for you this evening."
Xei want to beat up Jane in posture and threaten: "what you look at me"
Mr.Jane report the criminal to the police station.
the police station note Mr. Xie coming for explaining this.
thereafter investigate the case.

<mediation record>
on December 18 2022, 15:27.
at some location, parties quarrel about illegal parking.
the case booked in docket number OOO of the local prosecutors' office, charge with threaten and so on, Ye's squad responsible.

[appendix]
the local prosecutors' office mail.
(include transference, withdraw complaint form, police report.)
Mr. Xie's health ID card. (instead of identity card.)
Mr. Jane's identity card.
withdraw complaint form signed. ( Xie withdraw to Jane, and Jan withdraw to Xie respectively.)

[settlement]
both parties agree:
1. Jane beg Xie's pardon on the spot.
2. both forgive each other.
3. for civil, both abandon the claim of civil right; for criminal, both agree wouldn't to investigate the responsibility of criminal, complainant withdraw the complaint.(below blank)

[reference]
<Criminal Code of the Republic of China> Article 305
A person who threatens to cause injury to the life, body, freedom, reputation, or property of another and thereby endangers his safety shall be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than two years, short-term imprisonment, or a fine of not more than nine thousand dollars.

<Criminal Code of the Republic of China> Article 308
Prosecution for an offense specified in one of the articles, 298 and 306, may be instituted only upon complaint.
If the offense is one specified in paragraph 1 of Article 298, a complaint may not be made contrary to the will of the abducted person.

刑事調解案例_違停吵架互告恐嚇

刑事調解案例_違停吵架互告恐嚇

[筆者短評]
雙方因停車檢舉而起口角，起口角就互告。
公然侮辱、恐嚇、妨害名譽。

兩個年輕人到公所還在互嗆
調解委員等他們發洩夠了
請他們停止
調解委員開始說教
主要是這樣勸:你們只要簽了調解書，以後就不會再見面了
不簽的話，以後去地檢署，上法院，不知道還要見幾次

調解成立後
雖然恐嚇罪不是告訴乃論
我還是請雙方簽署撤回告訴狀


[事實]
<刑事案件報告書的記載>
犯罪時間:111年12月18日15時27分
犯罪地點:略
犯罪嫌疑人簡OO查有妨害性自主、妨害公務等刑案資料,犯罪嫌疑人謝OO查無刑案資料,
案緣簡OO與謝OO二嫌因檢舉違規停車起口角糾紛,
於上記犯罪時間、地點,簡嫌出言恐嚇謝嫌:「你不知道我現在可以開你槍」
「你等著,我晚上要來用手銬把你銬走」;
另謝嫌則作勢毆打簡嫌並出言恐嚇:「你在看什麼」。
簡嫌向本分局派出所報案,
復經本分局員警通知犯罪嫌疑人謝OO到案說明後,
全案據以偵辦。

<調解筆錄的記載>
民國111年12月18日15時27分許,
在OO市OO街OO號處,因停車紛而起口角。
本件為臺灣OO地方檢察署112年偵第OOOO號恐嚇等案件業股

[卷內附件]
地檢署公文
(含:轉介單、聲請撤回告訴狀(空白)、警分局刑事案件報告書)
謝OO健保卡(代替身分證)
簡OO身分證
聲請撤回告訴狀(謝撤簡、簡撤謝各1份)


[筆錄記載]
雙造同意成立調解:
1.簡OO當場向謝OO道歉。
2.雙造同意相互原諒
3.民事部分,雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分,雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任,刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)



[附錄]
<中華民國刑法>第305條
以加害生命、身體、自由、名譽、財產之事恐嚇他人，致生危害於安全者，處二年以下有期徒刑、拘役或九千元以下罰金。

<中華民國刑法>第308條
第二百九十八條及第三百零六條之罪，須告訴乃論。
第二百九十八條第一項之罪，其告訴以不違反被略誘人之意思為限。

criminal mediation case, the bid society for fraudulence.

criminal mediation case, the bid society for fraudulence.

[my opinion]
the case belong to the fraudulence is not the case prosecuted only upon complaint.
but I still draw up withdraw complaint petition, had the victim sign on it.
on one hand, consider the exception just in case.
I prepared withdraw compliant petition for all criminal case.
on the other hand, the rule of deferred prosecution on the code of criminal procedure.
victim sign on the withdraw petition,
that can imply victim consent for the conditions of deferred prosecution

I had draw up the draft as follows.
refer to withdraw petition of the certain squad of district prosecutors' offices.
"complainant agree public prosecutor render not prosecute or defer prosecute only noted important part motu proprio, or request summary procedure with suspension of sentence".
but during practice examine, the chief clerk of prosecutor office point out that withdraw complaint may not add conditions.

the default of transaction become filing the complaint of fraudulence.
the instances are too many.
in theory, there are transaction prior and intention prior.

transaction prior:
at making transaction, debtor have a payment plan on time.
but thereafter debtor's earning was not fitting in with expectation.
the debtor couldn't pay on time.
that is the civil dispute purely.

intention prior:
in the beginning of making the transaction, the debtor want not to payback intentionally.
he make others give him money on the name of loan.
that is fraudulence.

[the fact]
from July 25th 2021 to November 4th 2022.
both parties constitute a bid society and lend for consumption.
Mrs Xu is borrower, and Mrs Zheng is lender.
the amount of the lend for consumption is 165 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same).
afterwards borrower XU delinquent.
the case has be filed to district prosecutors' office allotted to certain squad.

on May 17th 2023,
the district mail the case to the borough mediation.

on May 30th 2023, mediation reach the settlement.

[appendix]
district prosecutors' office mail include transferred form and police report.
the withdraw complaint petition signed by complainant Mrs Zheng.
copies of Zheng's and Xu's identity card front and back.
copy of Zheng's post account to be used by payment.

[the settlement]
1.Xu owe Zheng 165 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same) originally.
2.before today, Xu had pay Zheng 120 thousand dollars already, had be checked by Zheng.
3.the remaining 45 thousand, payment by installment, since June, Xu pay Zheng 3 thousand dollars before the 5th per month, until the full payment is finished. if each term delinquent, every term deemed to be expired.
4. transfer to the post account OOO-OOO designated by Zheng.
5.both agree to abandon the civil claim, both agree not investigate the criminal responsibility, the complainant withdraw the complaint.

on May 31th 2023 submit to the local court for review.

on June 9 2023 judicial affairs officer approved it.

[reference]
<Code of Criminal Procedure> Article 256
Within ten days after the receipt of a written ruling not to prosecute or a written ruling of deferred prosecution, a complainant may make a petition in writing for reconsideration of the ruling, setting forth the reasons for dissatisfaction, to the public prosecutor who handled the case. The public prosecutor shall transfer the petition to the chief prosecutor of the immediately superior Public Prosecutors Office, or to the Prosecutor General. In the situation where a ruling under Articles 253 and 253-1 was made with the consent of the complainant, the complainant may not make a petition for reconsideration.

刑事調解核定案例_合會借款詐欺案

刑事調解核定案例_合會借款詐欺案

[筆者短評]
本件詐欺屬於非告訴乃論案件，是不許撤告的。
但我還是擬了一份撤回告訴狀請受害人兼告訴人簽名。
一方面是怕掛一漏萬，
我所有刑事案件都簽撤回告訴狀。
一方面是刑事訴訟法有緩起訴的規定，
有簽立撤回告訴狀，或許可以當成告訴人同意緩起訴的條件。

筆者曾以地檢某股為範本，
擬出了下列文句:
「告訴人並同意檢察官依職權處分不起訴、或為不起訴處分並謹記載處分要旨，或處分緩起訴，或聲請簡易判決處刑並求被告緩刑。」
結果在檢察署視察時，被地檢的書記官長指正，說撤回告訴不得附條件。

交易違約提告詐欺，以刑逼民的例子太多了。
學說上區分交易先行和犯意先行。

交易先行:一開始有意按時還款，只是之後經濟狀況不如預期，還不出錢。
這是純粹民事交易糾紛。

犯意先行:
一開始就沒有意思要還，以借款的名義，使對方交付金錢。
這才是詐欺取財罪。

[本件事實]:
民國110年7月25日至111年11月4日間,在OO市OO街OO號,
加入互助會,許OO為借用人,鄭OO為出借人,消費借貸金額新臺幣(下同)16萬5千元整,屆期未還。
本件為臺灣OO地方檢察署112偵字第OOOO號詐欺等案件公股

112年5月17日
地檢署公文轉介來公所調解會

112年5月30日調解成立

[卷內附件]:
地檢署公文及其附件(含轉介單、警察局刑事案件報告書)
告訴人鄭OO簽立之撤回告訴狀
鄭OO、許OO身分證正反面影本
鄭OO郵局封面影本

[筆錄記載]：
1.許OO原欠鄭OO總額新臺幣(下同)16萬5千元整。
2.今日會前,許OO已還鄭OO12萬元整,已由鄭OO點收無訛。
3.其4萬5千元整,由許OO款給付鄭OO,自民國112年6月起,按月於每月5日前給付3千元整(最末期應給付之金額為未清償之餘額),至全部清償完畢為止,如有一期未按時履行,視為全部到期。
4.匯入鄭OO指定之帳戶:中華郵政000OO-072OO。
5.民事部分,雙造均同意拋其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分,雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任,刑
事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年5月31日送法院審核。

112年6月9日司法事務官准予核定。

[附錄]
<刑事訴訟法>第256條
告訴人接受不起訴或緩起訴處分書後，得於十日內以書狀敘述不服之理由，經原檢察官向直接上級檢察署檢察長或檢察總長聲請再議。但第二百五十三條、第二百五十三條之一之處分曾經告訴人同意者，不得聲請再議。