the case of loan for consumption, oncoming the oral argument in the civil first instance.

 the case of loan for consumption, oncoming the oral argument in the civil first instance.

[my opinion]
the point of the case is that, overlapping of the administrative and judicial procedure, how to handle with?
exception, for example, the <administrative penalty act> article 26, happen to the competition of administrative penalty and criminal penalty, the criminal penalty has priority in the procedure.
the similar exception rules in the <the township and county-administered city mediation act>.

the outline of this case is:
Miss Xiao lent to Miss Zhong, there has a written loan contract.
the debtor Zhong has been delinquent in paying notwithstanding the demand of the creditor.
then the creditor Xiao sued the debtor Zhong, the litigation had been assigned to the summary court.
the amount of value no more than 500 thousand new Taiwan dollars belong to summary proceeding, the amount no more than 10 thousand belong to small proceeding.
both been handled by the summary courts.
the defendant Zhong had been noticed for the oral argument date, she petitioned the borough hall for mediation, with the wish for settlement before the oral argument day.

during the pending litigation, may petition for mediation.
except after the conclusion of the oral argument session in the first instance and before the  first instance judgment made, there may not petition for mediation.
【note: <the township and county-administered city mediation act> article 10, ministry of justice the eleven December 2007 no.0960046776 letter】
after judgment have been made, may petition for mediation.
I has been receiving many case under that situation, especially for how to implement the judgment.
if the mediation reach the settlement after judgment, which has the binding effect based on the which occur in the latter.

petitioned by parties, no effect on the judicial proceedings.
but referred by the court, <the township and county-administered city mediation act> article 12 rule, the civil judicial proceeding will to be stop.
if the mediation couldn't reach the settlement, <the township and county-administered city mediation act> article 12, article 26 3, the litigation proceeding shall resume accordingly.

the mediation reach the settlement during the pending litigation and approved by court, <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act >Article 28 rule, the litigation concluded, and plaintiff may request return the two third of the litigation cost.

[the fact]
on May first, seventh, eleventh 2023, both signed the contract of loan for consumption.
the amount is 55 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same).
Miss Xiao is lender, Miss Zhong is borrower.
Miss Zhong has delinquent in paying.

[appendix in the dossier]
the petition form for mediation
date on May first 2023 the receipt copy for loan 30 thousand.
May seventh for 1 thousand.
May eleventh for 15 thousand.
the summary court notice, cause: return loan, due time: June forteenth 2023, proceeding: oral-argument.
Miss Zhong's identity card copy.
Miss Xiao's identity card copy.
Miss Xiao's deposit book cover copy.

[terms of settlement]
both reach the settlement:
1. Miss Zhong repay Miss Xiao 55 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same). transfer to designating account: post 000-000.
2. by installments, from July 2023, pay 5 thousand before the fifth of each month, until pay off, if delinquent once time, the all installments deem expired.
3. for civil both abandon the remaining claim rights.(below blank)

[reference]
<the township and county-administered city mediation act> Article 10:
For the case that under Article 1 one party may apply for the mediation, if the oral argument has been concluded in the first instance, no such application may be initiated.

<the township and county-administered city mediation act> Article 28:
For the civil action pending in the court, where a successful mediation is reached and the mediation agreement is approved by the court before the judgment becomes final and binding, the action is concluded accordingly. The plaintiff may move for the return of two third of the court costs paid within three months from the day of the service of the successful mediation approved by the court.

【ministry of justice the eleven December 2007 no.0960046776 letter】
1.The civil mediation approved by the court shall have the same effect as a binding judgment under the civil litigation. rule in <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 27. so same act article 10 rule:"For the case that under Article 1 one party may apply for the mediation, if the oral argument has been concluded in the first instance, no such application may be initiated." the purpose is to avoid double binding judgments exist. so the oral argument has been concluded in the first instance, no such application may be initiated. but the judgment has been entered but before becomes binding, refer to context of <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> article 28, on the judgment entered but before binding, may apply for mediation.
2.if judgment had been binding(payment order binding same as binding judgment), both parties bound by binding judgment. if there were not new facts and evidence be found, there is no need to petition for mediation. but the litigation to end and had been out of judicial procedure, if both agree to move to mediation again(reasons such as reduce payment, allow installments, et cetera), on account of rights of the parties’ disposition, they may petition for mediation once again.

消費借貸案例，已進入民事第一審，將開言辭辯論庭。

 消費借貸案例，已進入民事第一審，將開言辭辯論庭。

[筆者短評]
這個案例的重點在於，行政調解和司法程序重疊時，如何處理?
行政程序和司法程序沒有特別規定時，是並行而不互相干擾的。
例外如<行政罰法>第26條行政罰和刑罰競合時，以刑事罰優先。
<鄉鎮市調解條例>也有類似的特別規定。

本件案情大概是:
蕭OO借錢給鍾OO，有立紙本借據。
但債務人鍾OO屢催不還，於是債權人蕭OO已經告上法院，已分案給簡易庭。
50萬以下屬於簡易案件，10萬以下屬於小額案件，都屬簡易庭處理的案件。
在收到言辭辯論庭的通知後，被告之債務人來申請調解，希望可以在開庭前和解。

在訴訟繫屬中，也可以聲請調解。
惟一的例外是第一審辯論終結後，判決前，不得聲請調解。
【鄉鎮市調解條例第10條、法務部96年12月11日法律決字第0960046776號書函】
判決後還是可以聲請調解，筆者收過不少判決後還來聲請調解的，特別是針對履行協議有關的調解。
判決後又再成立調解，會有既判力以後者為準的問題。

由當事人聲請的調解，不影響民事司法審判的進行。
只有在由法院裁定移付調解時，依<鄉鎮市調解條例>第12條規定，訴訟程序才會停止進行。
訴訟停止中若調解不成立，依<鄉鎮市調解條例>依第12條、第26條第3項，法院應續行訴訟程序。

訴訟繫屬中若調解成立，依<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條規定，並經法院核定者，訴訟終結，並可退還2/3裁判費。


[事實]
112年5月1日、7日、11日間,雙造成立消費借貸,總計金額新台幣(下同)5萬5千元整,
蕭OO為出借人,鍾OO為借用人,屆期未還。


[卷內附件]
調解聲請書
112年5月1日3萬元借據影本
112年5月7日1萬元借據影本
112年5月11日1萬5千元借據影本
地方法院簡易庭通知書，案由:返還借款，應到時間112年6月14日上午9點，期日種類:言辭辯論。
鍾OO身分證影本
蕭OO身分證影本
蕭OO郵局存折封面影本

[筆錄記載]
雙造同意成立調解:
―、鍾OO還款給付蕭OO臺幣(下同)5萬5千元整。匯入指定帳號:郵局蕭OO000-000。
二、雙造同意以分期方式給付:自民國112年7月起,按月於每月15日前給付5千元整(最末期應給付
之金額為未清償之餘額),至全部清償完畢為止,如有一期未按時履行,視為全部到期。
三、民事部分,造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權。(以下空白)


[附錄]
<鄉鎮市調解條例>第10條
第一條所定得調解事件已在第一審法院辯論終結者，不得聲請調解。

<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條
民事事件已繫屬於法院，在判決確定前，調解成立，並經法院核定者，訴訟終結。原告得於送達法院核定調解書之日起三個月內，向法院聲請退還已繳裁判費三分之二。

【法務部96 年12 月11 日法律決字第0960046776 號書函】
(一)按經法院核定之民事調解，與民事確定判決有同一之效力，鄉
鎮市調解條例第27 條第2 項前段定有明文。民事事件經第一審
法院辯論終結後，隨即將宣示判決，故同條例第10 條第3 項規
定：『第一條所定得調解事件已在第一審法院辯論終結者，不得
聲請調解。』，係避免同一民事事件同時或先後產生民事確定判
決及具有與民事確定判決同一效力之調解書存在。故民事事件
經第一審辯論終結後，不得聲請調解。惟判決後確定前，參照
鄉鎮市調解條例第28 條第1 項規定之文義，似無不許在判決後
未確定前聲請之理，故經判決後尚未確定前，自仍得聲請調解。
(二)至於法院判決確定後，因已發生既判力（支付命令確定者，則
與確定判決有同一效力），兩造當事人均應受該確定判決或確定
支付命令之拘束，若無其他新的情事，就同一事件固無再聲請
調解之必要。惟因原訴訟業已脫離法院之繫屬，若兩造當事人
均認為有必要而同意再進行調解（如有關原確定判決所命給付
金額或利息之減少，或是允許分期付款等），基於尊重當事人之
權利處分權，自非不得再聲請調解。」

judicial affairs officer disapproved-withdraw criminal complaint in the record.

 judicial affairs officer disapproved-withdraw criminal complaint in the record.

the borough mediation and the other administration mediation had be reviewed by judges.
after January first 2023, reviewed by judicial affairs officers.
on September, the decree, that number is Chinese I can't translate, announced by judicial yuan.

I communicate with mediation clerks in other borough,
in comparison with the past, the amount of judicial affairs officers disapprove cases is multiply.
for example, the disapproved cases in the jurisdiction city where I work in.
when mediation reviewed by judges.
January through June 2021, there were 35 cases disapproved.
July through December 2021, 50.
January through June 2022, 33.
July through December 2022, 58.
when mediation reviewed by judicial affairs officers.
January through June 2023, there were 119 cases disapproved.

there are my opinions about this disapproved reasons.

[the case number one]
<settlement terms>
1.the applicant pay the respondent 60 thousand in New Taiwan dollars (bellow as same), include the compulsory insurance. the 20 thousand pay on the spot, the respondent check it immediately. before January 16th 2023 the remaining 4 thousand should be paid off, transfer to respondent's Ruifang post account(the account number).
2.the settlement exclude the damage of vehicle 000-000.
3.both abandon other civil claims, the respondent agree to withdraw the criminal compliant about the applicant.

<disapproved reasons>
1.the scope of settlement is unclear, whether include the damage of vehicle 000-000 is unclear.
2.in mediation terms you should not record withdrawing the criminal complaint, that couldn't  be performed by by enforcement.

[my opinion]
for 1, I can't understand what he means, may be scanty of context.
for 2, judicial affairs officer don't comprehend <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 28 apparently.
neither comprehend <The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 128, 130, he incorrectly interpret that the case couldn't be performed by enforcement.

this is a little more academic.

in general, the method of withdrawing criminal complaint is by letter or oral to public prosecutor only.
the terms of settlement on withdrawing complaint between parties, until submit to public prosecutor in letter or oral yet, that not take effect.
<Mediation Act> Article 26 say, that the terms of settlement couldn't be performed by enforcement, would be the reasons of disapproving.
there are the derivative question is:
the terms of withdrawing criminal complaint, could that not be performed by enforcement?

if interpret the withdrawing as expressing a specific intention.
<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 130 rule, an enforcement title that ordering to express intention, is deemed as having expressed that intention, when the title becomes irrevocable.
instead of the withdrawing letter, the accused submit the approved mediation settlement to local prosecutor office enough.

if interpret the withdrawing as an act that can't be performed by others.
<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 128 rule,
the act can not be performed by others, the court may fine the debtor, make the debtor performing.
that's continuous fine until the debtor had carry out.
if debtor fail pay the fine, the court may place the debtor into custody.
custody one time for three months, if he fail to withdraw complaint yet, place custody for three months again.

so there are not at all the question couldn't be performed by enforcement.

the second.
that withdrawing the complaint may be recorded in the terms of mediation settlement on the borough hall.
that be regulated in the <The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 28.
the judicial affairs officer who want to disapprove the mediation case, he should understand the rules.

[appendix]
<The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 26
When the mediation agreement cannot get approved by the court, due to its contents violating the rules or conflicting with public policy or public moral, the court shall inform the township or county-administered cities with the reasons. For the cases referred by the court and getting disapproval, the litigation proceeding shall resume accordingly.
noted: there translation is miss the phrase "couldn't be performed by enforcement".

<The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 28
For the criminal cases instituted only upon the complaint, the successful mediation is reached during the investigation or before the conclusion of debate in the court of first instance and the intention of withdrawing the complaint of the party has been recorded in the mediation agreement, which is approved by the court, the complaint or private prosecution shall be deemed as withdrawn at the time the successful mediation is reached.

<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 24
The duration of a custody shall not exceed three months.
Where a new reason for the custody occurs, the debtor may be placed into custody again, provided that this is limited to one time.

<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 128
Where a debtor, pursuant to the enforcement title, shall perform a specific act and the act cannot be performed by others on his/her behalf, and the debtor fails to perform it, the enforcement court may determine a time limit for the debtor to perform it. Where the debtor fails to perform it, the enforcement court may impose a default surcharge of no less than NTD 30,000 to no more than 300,000. Where the court determines a fixed time limit for the performance again and the debtor still fails to perform it, the enforcement court may impose the default surcharge again or place him/her into custody.

<The Compulsory Enforcement Act> Article 130
Where a judgment ordering the debtor to express a specific intention becomes irrevocable or an enforcement title bearing the same effect with an irrevocable judgment is created, the debtor is deemed as having expressed that intention since when the judgment becomes irrevocable or the enforcement title is created.

司法事務官不予核定：撤回刑事告訴,不得載於調解筆錄中,無法強制執行。

司法事務官不予核定：撤回刑事告訴,不得載於調解筆錄中,無法強制執行。


鄉鎮市調解書，以及其他行政機關的調解書，原來由法官核審。
自民國112年1月1日起。改由司法事務官審核。
<司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028026號函>
<司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028010號令修正發布「司法事務官辦理各類事務之範圍」>

就筆者和其他區調解秘書交流得知，司法事務官駁回的量遠高於是過去法官駁回量。
以筆者所在轄區為例。
由法官審核調解書。
110年01月至06月不予核定案例有35例。
110年07月至12月不予核定案例有50例。
111年01月至06月不予核定案例有33例。
111年07月至12月不予核定案例有58例。
改由司法事務官審核調解書。
112年01月至06月不予核定案例有119例。

所以小弟我對司法事務官的不予核定理由發表一些小小的個人看法。


[案例編號]1
<調解書內容>
一.聲請人同意賠償對造人新台幣(下同)壹裕陸萬元整(含汽機車強制責任保險理賠),聲請人於調解成立日當場給付貳萬元整予對造人收取無誤,剩餘金額壹拾肆萬元整,於112年1月16日前給付,並將款填匯至對造人瑞芳郵局帳戶(局號 ,帳號 ⋯)。
二.本次和解範圍不含車輛(⋯·)之車損。
三.兩造其他請求拋棄,對造人並同意撤回對聲請人之刑事告訴。

<不予核定理由>
一.和解範圍,是否含⋯車損不明。
二.撤回刑事告訴,不得載於調解筆錄中,無法強制執行。

[筆者短評]
第一點不知道在寫什麼。
第二點顯然是司法事務官不瞭解<解鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條第2項而生的疏漏。
也不瞭解<強制執行法>第128條、第130條而誤以為不能強制執行。
完整條文請參考以下附錄。

這裡討論學術一點。

一般認為，刑事告訴一定要具狀或言辭向檢察官撒回。
當事人間撤回刑事告訴的約定，在向檢察官具狀撤回告訴前，尚不生撤回告訴的效力。
而調解條例26表明，調解條款的內容不能強制執行，可以是法院不予核定的理由之一。
於是這裡衍生一個問題:
撤回刑事告訴的約定，不能強制執行嗎?

如果把撤回刑事告訴理解為「意思表示」
依<強制執行法>第130條規定，意思表示之執行名義成立者，視為自其確定或成立時，債務人已為意思表示。
被告一方的當事人可以直接拿經核定的調解書，代替撤回告訴狀，送到地檢署即可。

如果把撤回刑事告訴理解為「不能替代的行為」
<強制執行法>第128條規定，不能代履行的行為，可以處怠金，促使當事人履行。
就是對義務人罰錢，連續罰到他履行為止。
罰錢沒繳還可以管收，關三個月，再不撤，再關三個月。

所以根本沒有不能執行的問題。

其次。
調解書可以載明當事人同意撤回告訴，這是<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條第2項明定的。
司法事務官在駁回前，應該要查清楚法律規定。


[附錄]
<鄉鎮市調解條例>第26條第3項
法院因調解內容牴觸法令、違背公共秩序或善良風俗或不能強制執行而未予核定者，應將其理由通知鄉、鎮、市公所。法院移付調解者，並應續行訴訟程序。

<鄉鎮市調解條例>第28條第2項
告訴乃論之刑事事件於偵查中或第一審法院辯論終結前，調解成立，並於調解書上記載當事人同意撤回意旨，經法院核定者，視為於調解成立時撤回告訴或自訴。

<強制執行法>第24條
管收期限不得逾三個月。
有管收新原因發生時，對於債務人仍得再行管收，但以一次為限。

<強制執行法>第128條
依執行名義，債務人應為一定之行為，而其行為非他人所能代履行者，債務人不為履行時，執行法院得定債務人履行之期間。債務人不履行時，得處新臺幣三萬元以上三十萬元以下之怠金。其續經定期履行而仍不履行者，得再處怠金或管收之。

<強制執行法>第130條
命債務人為一定之意思表示之判決確定或其他與確定判決有同一效力之執行名義成立者，視為自其確定或成立時，債務人已為意思表示。

(update)the civil case disapproved _ without identity document, couldn't determine who was someone.

(update)the civil case disapproved _ without identity document, couldn't determine who was someone.

[my opinion]
this is the old post be renewed.
the case by disapproved twice, update the schedule.

every time judicial affairs office disapproved, they will pick up one settlement and save it in their cabinet.
then mail the reminding to the borough hall back.
during the borough mediation, I make the six settlements as same on the spot. only six.
that is, six settlements mailed to the court, then mailed back five.
if disapproved repeatedly, the settlements will less and less, down to zero.
if approved at last, due to one be given to the both parties respectively, one be saved by the borough office, that amount of settlements may be not enough.

I guess that the local court pick one for purpose about compiling the cases disapproved.
but if the court's purpose is saving, why not copy settlement is OK?
then.
the twice disapproved of this time, I think that issue is trivial, is not important.

<1. the first, the judicial affairs office hold>
not add the identity documents.

but the case had been the copy of household certification there, the name of applicant and others all on this.
I don't know what was the judicial affairs office indicated "identity documents".
does the household certification is insufficient?
I heard something about ignorance of judicial affairs officer from the other borough clerk.
therefore, I reorganize the dossier, in letter remind there was household certification, tag a sticker on that, submit it to the local court for review again.

because corporationC didn't assign someone in present, and not appoint the driver Mr. Zheng.
I noted in mediation clause that excluded the vehicle number OOOO.

ChenB, the one of the applicants, minor, one-parent, there is proxy of his father.
applicants already provided the household certification, it's notes not omit, it could demonstrate the guardian relationship enough.

<2. the second disapproved, the judicial affairs office hold>
there were two reasons, one is the missing words, the other is "lump sum" repeatedly recorded.
the former is method of break, I add "next line", let judicial officer understand.
the letter I take to delete the surplus.

[the fact]
on February 13 2023, 07:50 o'clock, traffic accident happens.
the driver is Mr. Zheng, the vehicle owner corporationC.
the driver Mrs. Li, the vehicle owner Mr. ChenA, passenger ChenB.

[possible cause of the traffic accident on the police record]
the taxi driver Zheng:
not keep safe distance between the vehicle. (The road safe rule article 94 (1)).
note: involving driving under the influence. the case transferred to the precinct police for inspecting. the accident cause determined up to court's judgment.
note: driving under influence. (Alcohol test 0.16MG/L, violating road traffic penalty act article 35 (1) 1, the ticket number is RB06OOOO.)
the motorcycle driver Li:(blank)
the motorcycle passenger ChenB:(blank)

the corporationC hadn't designate person to participate mediation.

[appendix]
the police's letter.
(include the referral form, petition form, police initial traffic record)
applicant's household certification.
Mrs. Li's ATM card(instead post account).
Mr. Zheng's health Id card(instead identity card).
vehicle owner Chen's result of internet inquiry(instead vehicle registration).
vehicle owner corporationC's result of internet inquiry(instead vehicle registration).
the proxy of Mr. ChenA to Mrs. Li.
the proxy of Mr. ChenA guardian of ChenB to Mrs. Li.

[settlement]
1.the settlement include: the body damage of Mrs. Li, the vehicle damage of ChenA's, and the body damage of ChenB.
2.Zheng should pay lump sum Li, ChenA, ChenB the lump sum ten thousand new Taiwan dollar, exclude compulsory insurance, payment deadline is June 11 2023, transferred into the post account OOOO.
3.this case excluded the vehicle license plate number OOOO.
4.for civil, except compulsory insurance, both parties abandon the right of civil claim. for criminal, both wouldn't pursue other's criminal responsibility, the criminal complainant withdraws the complaint.

on May 17 2023, the borough hall submits to the local court for review.

on May 31 2023, the judicial affairs officer disapproves the mediation the first time, returned it to the borough hall.

[the disapproved reason(the first)]
"without identity document copies of applicant, guardian, agent, I couldn't determine the parties was of whom."

after I inspecting, the dossier submitted to the court already have attached the household certification.
on June 2 2023, in the submitted letter I pointed out there has the household certification, mailed to the local court again.

on July 5 2023, the second disapproved, back to the borough hall.
[disapproved reason(the second)]
"1. about fact, 'the accident local..' there lack follow up, may be innocent omission.
2.the second clause 'Zheng should pay lump sum Li, ChenA, ChenB', that 'lump sum' should be error."

on July 7 2023, I was inspecting:
for the first,
at the tail of the sentence I added "(next line)".
there I have nothing at the tail, meaning connecting to next line, but judicial officer may be not understand.
Is style of my writing too internet-ation?
such as this literary work, I pushed the key enter about switching to next line, I didn't let the software break automatically.
that's break style.

for the second,
I conceal the "lump sum" before the names, reserve "lump sum" before the money.
and submit it for review again.

[reference]
<for using borough mediation the court should pay attention items> number 9:
the court compile the reasons of disapproved cases in accordance with the labor and material resources, mail the reasons to the borough halls in the jurisdiction, contributing to promote performance and quality of the mediation.

(舊文更新)民調駁回案例_未附身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一

 (舊文更新)民調駁回案例_未附身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一

[筆者短評]
本篇為舊文更新。
這件被第二次不予核定，所以更新進度。

法院每次不予核定後，都要抽存1份調解書，再發回區公所，
而公所調解如有成立，筆者是當場製作6份調解書，也只有6份調解書。
也就是說，送去法院有6份調解書，駁回退回會剩下5份。
如果被反覆的駁回，調解書的件數會被愈抽愈少，最後變沒有。
因為收到核定的調解書後，雙造各送1份，公所自留1份，抽到最後可能會不夠用。

筆者猜測可能是要編輯不予核定的案例，法院才抽存留檔。
但如果法院只是要存檔，不能印1份自留就好了嗎?
況且。
這二次的駁回，筆者都覺得是屬於不重要的瑣碎問題。

<1.第一次司法事務官認為>
未檢附身分證明文件影本。

但這件筆者原本就已經有附上戶口名簿影本了，聲請人三人的名字都在上面。
不知道司法事務官所稱的「身分證明文件影本」是指什麼。戶口名簿不夠嗎?
筆者有聽過其他區的調解秘書說，司法事務官會漏看文件。
我猜是漏看了。
所以我整卷後，在公文註明卷內有戶口名簿影本，並把戶口名簿影本貼上標籤。
再送法院審核一次。

這件因為車主C公司沒派人來，也沒委任駕駛代理出席，所以註明「調解範圍不包括車輛TOO-OO7」。

聲請人之一的乘客陳B，未成年，單親，有附上爸爸的委任書。
聲請人有提供戶口名簿或謄本，且記事欄不能省略，以明法定代理關係。

<2.第二次司法事務官認為>
駁回理由有二，一是文字有漏載，二是和「總額」二字重複記載。
前者其實只是斷句問題，我加記(接下一行)，讓司法事務官可以閱讀和理解。
後者刪除贅字再送就好了。

[事實]
民國112年02月13日07時50分許，在OO市OO路OO號處，
車號TOO-OO7駕駛鄭先生、車主C公司。
車號5OO-OOM駕駛李女士、車主陳先生A、乘客陳B。
發生交通事故。

[初判表記載可能之肇事原因]
計程車鄭先生:
未保持安全車距。(道安規則第94條1項)
註:涉及酒後駕車肇事。由轄管第三分局移請地檢署查處偵辦,肇事原因請依法院之判決為最終之確定。
註:酒後駕車筆事。(酒測值0.16MG/L,處罰例第35條1項1款、舉發單號:RB06OOOO)
普通重型機車李女士:
(空白)
乘客陳B:
(空白)

C公司沒有派員，也沒有委任其他人到場調解。

[卷內附件]
警察局轉介公文
(公文檢附調解案件轉介單、聲請調解書、道路交通事故初步分析研判表)
聲請人全家的戶口名簿
李女士郵局提款卡(上有郵局帳號)
鄭先生健保卡(代替身份證)
車主陳先生車號網路查詢結果(代替行照)
車主C公司車號網路查詢結果(代替行照)
陳先生委任李女士的委任書
陳先生以陳B法定代理人身分委任李女士的委任書

[筆錄記載]
1.本件調解範圍:李女士之人傷、陳先生A之車損、陳B之人傷。
2.鄭先生單獨給付總額李女士、陳先生A、陳B總額新臺幣(下同)1萬元整(給付金額不含強制險)，應於民國112年6月11日前匯入指定之金融帳戶內給付完畢。(郵局00OOOO-OOOO81)。
3.本件調解範圍不包括車輛TOO-OO7。
4.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年5月17日公所送法院審核。

112年5月31日司法事務官第一次不予核定，退回區公所。
[不予核定理由(第一次)]
「未檢附聲請人、聲請人法定代理人、聲請人委任代理人之身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一。」


經筆者檢查，原卷早已附有聲請人等人的戶口名簿
112年6月2日，在公文註明原卷已有聲請人等人的戶口名簿，再送法院審核一次。

112年7月5日第二次不予核定，退回區公所。
[不予核定理由(第二次)]
「1.調解原因事實部分,其中「,在OO市OO區OO路OOO號處,」無後續內容,似有漏載之情形。
2.調解成立內容第二項關於「鄭OO單獨給付總額李OO、陳OO、陳OO⋯。」,其中之「總額」二字應為
誤寫。」

112年7月7日，經筆者檢查:
就1.
加註在該文句之後，補上「(接下一行)」
因為只是我後面沒有接其他文字，本意是直接接續下一行，司法事務官似乎沒有看懂。
是我的文體太網路化了嗎?
就像本篇的行文，並沒有把文句寫滿自動斷句，而是句點後直接按enter轉下一行。
這其實只是斷句問題。

就2.
把姓名前的「總額」二字刪除，保留金額前的「總額」二字。
再送核定一次。

[附錄]
<法院適用鄉鎮市調解條例應行注意事項>第9點
法院得視業務需要，於人力、物力許可範圍內，彙印調解書不予核定之理由，分送轄區內鄉、鎮、市、區內調解委員會參考，以助調解工作績效及調解書品質之提昇。

criminal mediation cases with illegal parking with threatening each other.

criminal mediation cases with illegal parking with threatening each other.

[my opinion]
parties quarrel about reporting illegal parking, then file criminal complaint against each other.
charge with public insults, threaten, injure reputation.

in the borough hall two young people still roar at each other.
until they drained off enough, mediator started to preach.
the subject of mediators' advice was that:
if you sigh the settlement, hereafter you will not meet each other.
if you don't sigh, you will meet in public prosecutors' office, the court, etc.
you will meet over and over again.

reach the mediation settlement eventually.
although the threaten is not the cases instituted only upon complaint.
I still have parties sign the withdraw complainant form.

[the fact]
<the police criminal report>
the time of criminal: December 18 2022, 15:27.
the l人cation of criminal: skip.
perpetrator Mr. Jane who has previous convictions of sexual offenses and obstructing officer duties, etc.
perpetrator Mr. Xie who has no previous conviction.
Jane and Xie quarrel about reporting illegal parking orally.
at above time and location, Jane threaten Xie: "I can shot you new, do you known?"
"you wait here, I take handcuffs for you this evening."
Xei want to beat up Jane in posture and threaten: "what you look at me"
Mr.Jane report the criminal to the police station.
the police station note Mr. Xie coming for explaining this.
thereafter investigate the case.

<mediation record>
on December 18 2022, 15:27.
at some location, parties quarrel about illegal parking.
the case booked in docket number OOO of the local prosecutors' office, charge with threaten and so on, Ye's squad responsible.

[appendix]
the local prosecutors' office mail.
(include transference, withdraw complaint form, police report.)
Mr. Xie's health ID card. (instead of identity card.)
Mr. Jane's identity card.
withdraw complaint form signed. ( Xie withdraw to Jane, and Jan withdraw to Xie respectively.)

[settlement]
both parties agree:
1. Jane beg Xie's pardon on the spot.
2. both forgive each other.
3. for civil, both abandon the claim of civil right; for criminal, both agree wouldn't to investigate the responsibility of criminal, complainant withdraw the complaint.(below blank)

[reference]
<Criminal Code of the Republic of China> Article 305
A person who threatens to cause injury to the life, body, freedom, reputation, or property of another and thereby endangers his safety shall be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than two years, short-term imprisonment, or a fine of not more than nine thousand dollars.

<Criminal Code of the Republic of China> Article 308
Prosecution for an offense specified in one of the articles, 298 and 306, may be instituted only upon complaint.
If the offense is one specified in paragraph 1 of Article 298, a complaint may not be made contrary to the will of the abducted person.

刑事調解案例_違停吵架互告恐嚇

刑事調解案例_違停吵架互告恐嚇

[筆者短評]
雙方因停車檢舉而起口角，起口角就互告。
公然侮辱、恐嚇、妨害名譽。

兩個年輕人到公所還在互嗆
調解委員等他們發洩夠了
請他們停止
調解委員開始說教
主要是這樣勸:你們只要簽了調解書，以後就不會再見面了
不簽的話，以後去地檢署，上法院，不知道還要見幾次

調解成立後
雖然恐嚇罪不是告訴乃論
我還是請雙方簽署撤回告訴狀


[事實]
<刑事案件報告書的記載>
犯罪時間:111年12月18日15時27分
犯罪地點:略
犯罪嫌疑人簡OO查有妨害性自主、妨害公務等刑案資料,犯罪嫌疑人謝OO查無刑案資料,
案緣簡OO與謝OO二嫌因檢舉違規停車起口角糾紛,
於上記犯罪時間、地點,簡嫌出言恐嚇謝嫌:「你不知道我現在可以開你槍」
「你等著,我晚上要來用手銬把你銬走」;
另謝嫌則作勢毆打簡嫌並出言恐嚇:「你在看什麼」。
簡嫌向本分局派出所報案,
復經本分局員警通知犯罪嫌疑人謝OO到案說明後,
全案據以偵辦。

<調解筆錄的記載>
民國111年12月18日15時27分許,
在OO市OO街OO號處,因停車紛而起口角。
本件為臺灣OO地方檢察署112年偵第OOOO號恐嚇等案件業股

[卷內附件]
地檢署公文
(含:轉介單、聲請撤回告訴狀(空白)、警分局刑事案件報告書)
謝OO健保卡(代替身分證)
簡OO身分證
聲請撤回告訴狀(謝撤簡、簡撤謝各1份)


[筆錄記載]
雙造同意成立調解:
1.簡OO當場向謝OO道歉。
2.雙造同意相互原諒
3.民事部分,雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分,雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任,刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)



[附錄]
<中華民國刑法>第305條
以加害生命、身體、自由、名譽、財產之事恐嚇他人，致生危害於安全者，處二年以下有期徒刑、拘役或九千元以下罰金。

<中華民國刑法>第308條
第二百九十八條及第三百零六條之罪，須告訴乃論。
第二百九十八條第一項之罪，其告訴以不違反被略誘人之意思為限。

criminal mediation case, the bid society for fraudulence.

criminal mediation case, the bid society for fraudulence.

[my opinion]
the case belong to the fraudulence is not the case prosecuted only upon complaint.
but I still draw up withdraw complaint petition, had the victim sign on it.
on one hand, consider the exception just in case.
I prepared withdraw compliant petition for all criminal case.
on the other hand, the rule of deferred prosecution on the code of criminal procedure.
victim sign on the withdraw petition,
that can imply victim consent for the conditions of deferred prosecution

I had draw up the draft as follows.
refer to withdraw petition of the certain squad of district prosecutors' offices.
"complainant agree public prosecutor render not prosecute or defer prosecute only noted important part motu proprio, or request summary procedure with suspension of sentence".
but during practice examine, the chief clerk of prosecutor office point out that withdraw complaint may not add conditions.

the default of transaction become filing the complaint of fraudulence.
the instances are too many.
in theory, there are transaction prior and intention prior.

transaction prior:
at making transaction, debtor have a payment plan on time.
but thereafter debtor's earning was not fitting in with expectation.
the debtor couldn't pay on time.
that is the civil dispute purely.

intention prior:
in the beginning of making the transaction, the debtor want not to payback intentionally.
he make others give him money on the name of loan.
that is fraudulence.

[the fact]
from July 25th 2021 to November 4th 2022.
both parties constitute a bid society and lend for consumption.
Mrs Xu is borrower, and Mrs Zheng is lender.
the amount of the lend for consumption is 165 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same).
afterwards borrower XU delinquent.
the case has be filed to district prosecutors' office allotted to certain squad.

on May 17th 2023,
the district mail the case to the borough mediation.

on May 30th 2023, mediation reach the settlement.

[appendix]
district prosecutors' office mail include transferred form and police report.
the withdraw complaint petition signed by complainant Mrs Zheng.
copies of Zheng's and Xu's identity card front and back.
copy of Zheng's post account to be used by payment.

[the settlement]
1.Xu owe Zheng 165 thousand new Taiwan dollars(below same) originally.
2.before today, Xu had pay Zheng 120 thousand dollars already, had be checked by Zheng.
3.the remaining 45 thousand, payment by installment, since June, Xu pay Zheng 3 thousand dollars before the 5th per month, until the full payment is finished. if each term delinquent, every term deemed to be expired.
4. transfer to the post account OOO-OOO designated by Zheng.
5.both agree to abandon the civil claim, both agree not investigate the criminal responsibility, the complainant withdraw the complaint.

on May 31th 2023 submit to the local court for review.

on June 9 2023 judicial affairs officer approved it.

[reference]
<Code of Criminal Procedure> Article 256
Within ten days after the receipt of a written ruling not to prosecute or a written ruling of deferred prosecution, a complainant may make a petition in writing for reconsideration of the ruling, setting forth the reasons for dissatisfaction, to the public prosecutor who handled the case. The public prosecutor shall transfer the petition to the chief prosecutor of the immediately superior Public Prosecutors Office, or to the Prosecutor General. In the situation where a ruling under Articles 253 and 253-1 was made with the consent of the complainant, the complainant may not make a petition for reconsideration.

刑事調解核定案例_合會借款詐欺案

刑事調解核定案例_合會借款詐欺案

[筆者短評]
本件詐欺屬於非告訴乃論案件，是不許撤告的。
但我還是擬了一份撤回告訴狀請受害人兼告訴人簽名。
一方面是怕掛一漏萬，
我所有刑事案件都簽撤回告訴狀。
一方面是刑事訴訟法有緩起訴的規定，
有簽立撤回告訴狀，或許可以當成告訴人同意緩起訴的條件。

筆者曾以地檢某股為範本，
擬出了下列文句:
「告訴人並同意檢察官依職權處分不起訴、或為不起訴處分並謹記載處分要旨，或處分緩起訴，或聲請簡易判決處刑並求被告緩刑。」
結果在檢察署視察時，被地檢的書記官長指正，說撤回告訴不得附條件。

交易違約提告詐欺，以刑逼民的例子太多了。
學說上區分交易先行和犯意先行。

交易先行:一開始有意按時還款，只是之後經濟狀況不如預期，還不出錢。
這是純粹民事交易糾紛。

犯意先行:
一開始就沒有意思要還，以借款的名義，使對方交付金錢。
這才是詐欺取財罪。

[本件事實]:
民國110年7月25日至111年11月4日間,在OO市OO街OO號,
加入互助會,許OO為借用人,鄭OO為出借人,消費借貸金額新臺幣(下同)16萬5千元整,屆期未還。
本件為臺灣OO地方檢察署112偵字第OOOO號詐欺等案件公股

112年5月17日
地檢署公文轉介來公所調解會

112年5月30日調解成立

[卷內附件]:
地檢署公文及其附件(含轉介單、警察局刑事案件報告書)
告訴人鄭OO簽立之撤回告訴狀
鄭OO、許OO身分證正反面影本
鄭OO郵局封面影本

[筆錄記載]：
1.許OO原欠鄭OO總額新臺幣(下同)16萬5千元整。
2.今日會前,許OO已還鄭OO12萬元整,已由鄭OO點收無訛。
3.其4萬5千元整,由許OO款給付鄭OO,自民國112年6月起,按月於每月5日前給付3千元整(最末期應給付之金額為未清償之餘額),至全部清償完畢為止,如有一期未按時履行,視為全部到期。
4.匯入鄭OO指定之帳戶:中華郵政000OO-072OO。
5.民事部分,雙造均同意拋其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分,雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任,刑
事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年5月31日送法院審核。

112年6月9日司法事務官准予核定。

[附錄]
<刑事訴訟法>第256條
告訴人接受不起訴或緩起訴處分書後，得於十日內以書狀敘述不服之理由，經原檢察官向直接上級檢察署檢察長或檢察總長聲請再議。但第二百五十三條、第二百五十三條之一之處分曾經告訴人同意者，不得聲請再議。

the civil case disapproved for exclude compulsory

 the civil case disapproved for exclude compulsory.

[my opinion]
1.
the case had be disapproved by judicial affairs office.
the applicant, who is victim, was pleasant about that disapproved contrarily.
because the first term had be expired during the court review session,
but the perpetrator default.
we made phone calls to him, he say he had no money now, please extend the time limit.
thereafter the about disapproved notified to victim,
he could file the complaint of the negligent injury on the period even.  

if the court approve the mediation,
the victim will lose the right of the criminal compliant.
he only could petition the local court for enforcement on the ground of the mediation settlement.

2.
the owner of the vehicle, used by perpetrator, was absent.
I written down that "the settlement exclude the vehicle used by perpetrator".
and that become the reason of the court disapproved later.

afterward, I revise my routine sketch that
"the settlement exclude the damage of the vehicle, which used by someone".

[the fact]:
the ninth February 2023, about 07:30 o'clock
happen traffic accident,
motorcycle MJX, driver Mr. Lu.(no injury)
motorcycle MXH, driver and owner Mr. Huang.(body injury and vehicle damage)

[the record of traffic accident initial judgement]
the possible causes or misconduct.
<Mr. Lu>:
1. motorcycle goes to intersection, turning should be obey the sign or line.(there was two step turn left sign.)(road safety rule article 99 (2) 1)
2. turning vehicle, should be give precedence to the straight vehicle.(road safety rule article 102 (1) 7)
2. hadn't reach the center of intersection yet, rushing to turn left hurriedly.(road safety rule article 102 (1) 5)
<Mr. Huang>:(blank)

[appendix in dossier]
1. the record of the traffic accident initial judgement.
2. Mr. Huang's account in post.
3. Mr. Huang's motorcycle registration.
4. Mr. Huang's health ID card. (instead of identity card)
5. Mr. Lu's ID card, front and back.
above all were copies.

the sixth June 2023, reach the mediation settlement.
[record]
1. about body injury and vehicle damage of Huang's, Lu pay Huang 75 thousand new Taiwan dollars (below as same)(include compulsory insurance), transfer to the assigned account.(the post account number).
2. installment, the first term is the twentieth June 2023, paying 30 thousands. the remaining, before the twentieth of each month paying 15 thousand, from July 2023 until pay up. the last payment is the balance. if either term delinquent, all terms expire.
3. the case exclude the vehicle MJX.
4. both abandon the right of the civil claim exclude compulsory insurance, and abandon looking into the criminal liability, the complainant withdraw the criminal complaint.(below blank)

the seventh June 2023, submit to the local court for review.

the 16th June 2023, juridical affairs officer had disapproved it.
[the reason of disapproving]:
1.recording in the first of the settlement clause, the payment include compulsory insurance, Lu transfer to the assigned account and so on. that likely mean Huang couldn't claim for compulsory insurance payment from the insurer of MJX.
2.comparison about the fourth clause, both abandon civil claim exclude compulsory insurance and so on. about excluding the compulsory insurance, not mention belong to which vehicle, therefore, that mean Mr. Huang could claim for compulsory insurance of MJX? is there inconsistency with the first clause?

to the 21th June 2023.
Mr. Lu delinquent, the first term 30 thousand default.
I believe that mediation again is in vain, because Lu had delinquent already.
I served the petitioner and victim, Mr. Huang, invite him come the borough hall.
I given him:
1. a criminal compliant form.
2. an ancillary civil action form.
3. the court disapproved mail.
4. the mediation settlement signed by both.
indicate Mr. Huang attaching the medical documents, and file this to the public prosecutor's office directly.

[appendix]
<The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act> Article 27
After the mediation agreement approved by the court, for the mediation facts the party may not file the lawsuit, the complaint, or the private prosecution.

<Taiwan high court criminal judgement 106 ROC traffic appeal simple No. 122>
4. the public prosecutor appeal concise point out:
in the mediation settlement record, there have abandon civil claim, bot hadn't abandon criminal complaint, withdraw compliant or prohibit file compliant.
the complainant doesn't lose the right of criminal compliant.
the victim file the complaint of negligence injury to the my office, this filing legally.
the original judgement interpret the City Mediation Act Article 27 literally, the judgement violation the law, please reverse the original judgement and so on.
but, the case the 16th December 2015 reach the mediation settlement.
the settlement recording "both abandon the civil claim" only.
the 18th February 2016, the Banqiao local court approved the mediation case.
the record of mediation settlement noting that "the clause approved by the court, afterward, parties couldn't file action or criminal complaint or private prosecution".
therefore, victim can't file the criminal complaint obviously.
the Banquiao mediation commission record 104 criminal case copy in the dossier.

民事調解駁回案例_給付含強，拋棄權利不含強

 民事調解駁回案例_給付含強，拋棄權利不含強

[筆者短評]
1.
這件司法事務官不予核定
聲請人兼受害人反而很高興
因為在送法院審查的期間,第一期的付款時間已到了
加害人沒有準時付款,打電話問他,他說沒錢請再寛限時間
受害人在接到不予核定的通知後
還可以提告對方過失傷害罪

如果准予核定，受害人就會失去刑事告訴權
只能拿核定的調解書向法院民事執行處聲請強制執行了

2.
本件因為加害人方的車主沒有出面
所以我加記「本件調解範圍不包括車輛MJX(加害人使用的車輛)」
結果變成法院不予核定的理由

此後我的筆錄例稿改為
本件調解範圍不包括車輛OOO之「車損」

[本件事實]:
民國112年2月9日7時30分許，在OO市OO處，
普通重型機車車號MJX、駕駛:呂OO(無人傷);
普通重型機車車號MXH、駕駛兼車主:黃OO(有人傷)(有車損)，
發生交通事故。

[道路交通事故初步分析研判表]初步分析研判可能之筆事原因(或違規事實)
<呂OO>:
1.機車行駛至交岔路口,其轉彎,應依標誌或標線之規定行駛(兩段式左轉標誌)。(道安規則第99條2項1款)
2.轉彎車應讓直行車先行。(道安規則第102條1項7款)
3.未達路口中心處搶先左轉(道安規則第102條1項5款)
<黃OO>:(空白)

[卷內附件]:
1.道路交通事故初步分析研判表
2.黃OO郵局帳戶
3.黃OO普通重型機車行照
4.黃OO健保卡(代替身分證)
5.呂OO身分證正反面
均影本

112年6月6日調解成立
[筆錄記載]：
1.就黃OO之人傷及車損，呂OO單獨給付黃OO總額新臺幣(下同)7萬5千元整(給付金額含強制險)，匯入指定之金融帳戶內(郵局帳號)。
2.雙造同意以分期方式給付:第一期3萬元整，於民國112年6月20日前給付，其餘款項自民國112年7月起，按月於每月20日前給付1萬5千元整(最末期應給付之金額為未清償之餘額)，至全部清償完畢為止，如有一期未按時履行，視為全部到期。
3.本件調解範圍不包括車輛MJX。
4.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年6月7日送法院審核。

112年6月16日司法事務官駁回。
[不予核定理由]:
1.依據調解書(筆錄)調解成立內容1.記載,本件賠償金額「包含強制險」由呂OO直接匯入指定帳戶等語。觀其義,應係黄OO不得另對車號MJXOOOO所投保之強制險申請理賠。
2.對照調解成立內容4.記載:民事部分,除強制險外,雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權...等語。就強制險除外部分,未指明何一車輛所投保之強制險,而依調解書(筆錄)所述,呂OO並無人傷,應無聲請強制險理賠餘地,準此,是否意在黄OO可另對車號MJXOOOO所投保之強制險申請理賠?是否與成立內容1.相異?

112年06月21日
因為呂OO沒有準時付款，第一期3萬元未付，
筆者覺得不用再補正了，反正呂OO沒有按約履行
筆者通知聲請人即被害人黃OO來公所
給他
1.刑事告訴狀
2.刑事附帶民事訴訟起訴狀
3.法院駁回公文
4.原簽立的調解書
請黃OO再附上醫單據，可直接向地檢署提告。

[附錄]
<鄉鎮市調解條例>第27條
調解經法院核定後，當事人就該事件不得再行起訴、告訴或自訴。

<臺灣高等法院刑事判決106年度交上易字第122號>
四、公訴人上訴意旨略以：檢視卷附被告與告訴人於新北市板橋
區調解委員會所成立之調解書內容，調解書上僅記載不得再
請求民事責任，並未記載被害人即告訴人因而拋棄刑事請求
權或撤回告訴、不得再行告訴等意旨，告訴人並未因與被告
調解成立而喪失本件過失傷害案件之刑事告訴權，其於告訴
期間內向本署提出本件過失傷害案件之刑事告訴，即屬告訴
合法，惟原判決卻僅就鄉鎮市調解條例第27條第1 項規定為
表面上之文字解釋，逕而違法認定告訴人所為之告訴不合法
，顯屬判決違背法令，請求撤銷原判決云云。然查，本件被
告與告訴人於104 年12月16日達成調解，而調解書內雖僅表
明「兩造其餘民事請求拋棄」；惟該調解書嗣於105年2月18
日經臺灣新北地方法院板橋簡易庭核定，觀諸其核定之附註
⒈明確記載「調解經法院核定後，當事人就該事件不得再行
起訴、告訴或自訴」，從而告訴人對於本件刑事訴追部分，
當再無行使告訴之權甚明，此有新北市板橋區調解委員會調
解筆錄104年刑調字第3213號影本附卷可參（見臺灣新北地
方法院檢察署105年度偵字第6907號卷第8頁；原審105年度
審交易字第1487號卷第14頁）。

the civil case disapproved _ without identity document, couldn't determine who was someone

 the civil case disapproved _ without identity document, couldn't determine who was someone

the fact:
the thirteenth February 2023, 07:50 o'clock, traffic accident happens.
the driver is Mr. Zheng, the vehicle owner corporationC.
the driver Mrs. Li, the vehicle owner Mr. ChenA, passenger ChenB.

possible cause of the traffic accident on the police record:
the taxi driver Zheng:
not keep safe distance between the vehicle. (The road safe rule article 94 (1)).
note: involving driving under the influence. the case transferred to the third branch precinct police for inspecting. the accident cause determined up to court's judgment.
note: driving under influence. (Alcohol test 0.16MG/L, violating road traffic penalty act article 35 (1) 1, the ticket number is RB06OOOO.)
the motorcycle driver Li:(blank)
the motorcycle passenger ChenB:(blank)

the corporationC hadn't designate person to participate mediation.

reaching settlement during the mediation, recording below:
1.the settlement include: the body damage of Mrs. Li, the vehicle damage of ChenA's, and the body damage of ChenB.
2.Zheng should pay Li, ChenA, ChenB the amount ten thousand new Taiwan dollar, exclude compulsory insurance, payment deadline is the eleventh June 2023, transfered into the post account OOOO.
3.this case excluded the vehicle license plate number OOOO.
4.for civil, except compulsory insurance, both parties abandon civil claim. for criminal, both wouldn't pursue other's criminal responsibility, the criminal complainant withdraws the complaint.

the 17th May 2023, the borough hall submits to the local court for review.

the 31th May 2023, the judicial affairs officer disapproves the mediation, returned it to the borough hall.
the disapproved reason:
without identity document copies of applicant, guardian, agent, the court couldn't determine the parties was of whom.


after I inspecting, the dossier submitted to the court already attached the household certificate.
the second June 2023, in the submitted letter I pointed out that there has the household certificate, submitted to the local court again.

my opinion:
1.the case there had been the copy of household certificate, the name of applicant and others on this.
I don't know which was the judicial affairs office indicated "identity document".
was the household certificate insufficient?
I heard something about ignorance of judicial affairs officer from the other borough clerk.
therefore, I reorganize the dossier, submit it to the local court for review again.

2.
because corporationC didn't assign someone in present, and not appoint the driver Mr. Zheng.
I noted in mediation clause that excluded the vehicle number OOOO.

3.
ChenB, the one of the applicants, minor, one-parent, there is appointment of his father.
applicant already provided the household certificate, on that the notes not omit, it could demonstrate the guardian relationship enough.

民調駁回案例_未附身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一

 民調駁回案例_未附身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一

實事:
本件事實:民國112年02月13日07時50分許，在OO市OO路OO號處，
車號TOO-OO7駕駛鄭先生、車主C公司
車號5OO-OOM駕駛李女士、車主陳先生A、乘客陳B，
發生交通事故。

初判表記載可能之肇事原因:
計程車鄭先生:
未保持安全車距。(道安規則第94條1項)
註:涉及酒後駕車肇事。由轄管第三分局移請地檢署查處偵辦,肇事原因請依法院之判決為最終之確定。
註:酒後駕車筆事。(酒測值0.16MG/L,處罰例第35條1項1款、舉發單號:RB06OOOO)
普通重型機車李女士:
(空白)
乘客陳B:
(空白)

C公司沒有派員，也沒有委任其他人到場調解。

成立調解之具體記載內容：
1.本件調解範圍:李女士之人傷、陳先生A之車損、陳B之人傷。
2.鄭先生單獨給付總額李女士、陳先生A、陳B總額新臺幣(下同)1萬元整(給付金額不含強制險)，應於民國112年6月11日前匯入指定之金融帳戶內給付完畢。(郵局00OOOO-OOOO81)。
3.本件調解範圍不包括車輛TOO-OO7。
4.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年5月17日公所送法院審核。

112年5月31日司法事務官不予核定，退回區公所。
不予核定理由:
未檢附聲請人、聲請人法定代理人、聲請人委任代理人之身分證明文件影本,無法確定當事人是否同一。

經筆者檢查，原卷早已附有聲請人等人的戶口名簿
112年6月2日，在公文註明原卷已有聲請人等人的戶口名簿，再送法院審核一次。

筆者短評:
1.
這件已經有附上戶口名簿影本了，聲請人三人的名字都在上面。
不知道司法事務官所稱的「身分證明文件影本」是指什麼。戶口名簿不夠嗎?
筆者有聽過其他區的調解秘書說，司法事務官會漏看文件。
所以我整卷後，在公文註明卷內有戶口名簿影本，再送法院審核一次。

2.
這件因為車主C公司沒派人來，也沒委任駕駛代理，所以註明「調解範圍不包括車輛TOO-OO7」。

3.
聲請人之一的乘客陳B，未成年，單親，有附上爸爸的委任書。
聲請人有提供戶口名簿或謄本，且記事欄不能省略，以明法定代理關係。

the civil case disapproved_ owners different, what is seal board up

 the civil case disapproved_ owners different, what is seal board up

fact:
the 8th floor's water leaking to the 7th floor.
co-owner of the 8th floor are Miss Ma in addition other four.
owner of the 7th floor is Mrs. Lin.

the 7th Mrs Lin sue against the 8th Miss Ma and four others.
the 12th December 2021, the judgement bound down.
plaintiff Ma and five others obligated to restore.

the syllabus of the judgment:
defendants should fix the 8th floor until not water leakage.
defendants pay plaintiff 8500 new Taiwan dollar, addition of the interest of the through 2021 until payment day, by 5% annual.
the litigation expenses bore by the defendants.
provisional execution after plaintiff provider security of 150,000 new Taiwan dollar; if defendants would provide security of 450,000, exempt from provision execution.

on the execution of the judgement, Lin agree that Mas hire worker to fix by herself.
but Mrs Lin and her husband were dissatisfied the progress and the procedure.

afterward, Miss Ma and four others transfer the 8th floor to Mr. Lin.

due to the dissatisfied of progress and procedure,
Mrs. Lin and her husband apply mediation to the borough hall.

the 23th may 2023, the settlement of the mediation:
1. Miss Ma should fix the water leakage, until the 8th wouldn't leak to the 7th, the expense bore by Miss Ma.
2.the water leakage should be identified in the term of two weeks after the completing, and afterward identification, conduct to seal board up.

the 24th may 2023, submit the case to the local court for review.

the first June 2023, the judicial affairs officer disapproved:
disapproved reason:
1.according to the record of land transcript , owner of the 8th is Mr. Lin.
why do you written that one of co-owner were Mrs. Ma and four others?
2.to the second clause, what is "seal board up"? you should write down the method and position, and bore by whom.

my opinion:
1.to the disapproved reason 1, the borough clerk couldn't check who is owner on the spot of mediation, written down by what parties said only.
that different with the court's judgement.
court could survey the information after the hearing carefully, the judgment needn't the parties' signature.
the borough mediation record the settlement clause on the spot, surveying on way and on authority, and need parties' signature on the settlement.

2. to the disapproved reason 2, on the mediation spot, there is no engineer, confirming the detail is no way.
there is no expert can help of identifying the method and the position.

3.may be, the clerk of the borough hall should survey the information carefully before the mediation session, or reach the agreement, but waiting survey, than dating another day for signing.
reply:if all cases survey thoroughly or reach agreement, but waiting another day for sighing after surveying, that is taking up time.
the clerk have on time to survey all detail, we have too much other work.
the most mediation cases were not reach agreement, all survey out unrealistic.
parties usually wouldn't go to the borough hall again in order to sigh on settlement in another day.
parties usually ask for get settlement right now.

4.having binding judgment, must persist compulsory execution completely.
must not to reach "compulsory execution agreement".
let court's compulsory execution department hire engineer for identification, fixing, requesting payment, fixing out completely.

5."compulsory execution agreement" mean, how to execute the judgement settling between parties.
"compulsory execution agreement" will construct enforcement defferral" mildly.
severely, the new fact happen after conclusion of oral-argument, without binding effect.

The Compulsory Enforcement Act Article 10
The enforcement court may defer the implementation of the compulsory enforcement upon obtaining the creditor's consent.
The time for the enforcement deferral in the preceding paragraph cannot exceed three months. Where the creditor petitions to resume the enforcement, the court is limited to re-consenting to the deferral of the enforcement one time. Upon the expiration of each deferral period, a creditor who does not petition to resume the enforcement within ten days upon the enforcement court's notice is deemed to have withdrawn his or her compulsory enforcement petition.
During the implementation of the compulsory enforcement, if unusual circumstances render it manifestly inappropriate to continue the enforcement, the enforcement court may change or extend the date of enforcement.

Code of Civil Procedure Article 400
Except as otherwise provided, res judicata exists as to a claim adjudicated in a final judgment with binding effect.
Where a demand of offset has been adjudicated, res judicata exists as to the offset amount to be applied for offset as demanded.

民調駁回案例_所有人不同、何謂「封板」

 民調駁回案例_所有人不同、何謂「封板」

事實:
8樓漏水至7樓
8樓由馬小姐等5人共有
7樓由林女士所有

7樓林女士對8樓馬小姐等5人提告
案經110年12月12日判決確定
被告8樓馬小姐等5人負有回復原狀之義務
判決主文:
被告應將其所有建物門牌號碼OO市OO路OO號八樓房屋修繕至不漏水。
被告應給付原告新臺幣捌仟伍佰元,及自民國一一〇年六月三十日起至清償日止,按週年利率百分之五計算之利息。
訴訟費用由被告負擔。
本判決於原告以新臺幣壹拾伍萬元為被告供擔保後,得假執行;但被告如以新台幣肆拾伍萬元為原告預供擔保,得免為假執行。

強制執行時，林女士同意由馬小姐等5人自行僱工修繕。
但林女士及其丈夫對修繕進度及施作均不滿意。

其後馬小姐等5人將8樓所有權移轉給林先生。

林女士及其丈夫因為對馬小姐自行僱工修繕不滿意
來公所申請調解。

112年5月23日，調解成立內容:
1.馬小姐願於民國112年6月3日前,修繕A屋之漏水以不滲漏至B屋為,修繕費用由馬小姐負擔。
二、施工須達不漏水程度(以施工完畢翌日起算二個星期認定是否已達不漏水程度),並於確定不漏水之後,再進行封板。

112年5月24日送法院審核。

112年6月1日，司法事務官駁回。
不予核定理由:
1.依卷內謄本所載之內容,門牌號碼OO市OO路OO號8樓之所有權人為林OO,何以原因事實卻將對造人「馬OO」記載為共有人之一?
2.調解成立之內容二,所稱之「封板」所指為何?應具體載明施作方式(工法)、地點,並載明負有該「封板」義務之人為何人?

筆者短評:
1.就不予核定理由1.，公所在調解當下，沒辦法查證建物所有權人為誰，只能憑當事人口說記載。
這跟法院下判決不同。
法院開完庭後，可以在庭後慢慢查資料，法官下判決也不用當事人簽名。
公所調解當場就要把筆錄打出來，沒辦法也沒能力查資料，還需要當事人在筆錄上簽名。

2.就不予核定理由2.，公所調解的當下，不會有工程專業人員在場，沒辦法確認各項專有名詞的具體內容。工法和地點也不會有專業人員在場詳述。

3.或許有人會說，公所為什麼不把案情查明，再進行調解?或是調解合意後，先不簽筆錄，查清楚後，再約一天來簽筆錄?
答案是:調解案件如果一一查明，再記筆錄，或是調解合意後，查明再簽筆錄，都太耗時了。
公所或承辦人都不可能有時間把案件疑點通通釐清。
兼辦的業務繁多，而且大多數的調解案件都是不成立的，一一查明不切實際。
當事人多半也不願意再抽時間，另外約再來公所簽筆錄。
當事人多半也會催促現在就記明筆錄簽名。

4.遇有確定判決，一定要堅持「強制執行到底」
千萬不要再達成「強制執行協議」
直接讓法院請專業的工程師來鑑定、修繕、請款，一路修到底修到好。

5.「強制執行協議」是指在判決後，由當事人間就如何履行判決內容的自主性合意
一旦有「強制執行協議」，輕者會構成「延緩執行」。
重者會導致在言辭辯論終結後發生新事實，不受既判力效力所及。


強制執行法第10條
實施強制執行時，經債權人同意者，執行法院得延緩執行。
前項延緩執行之期限不得逾三個月。債權人聲請續行執行而再同意延緩執行者，以一次為限。每次延緩期間屆滿後，債權人經執行法院通知而不於十日內聲請續行執行者，視為撤回其強制執行之聲請。
實施強制執行時，如有特別情事繼續執行顯非適當者，執行法院得變更或延展執行期日。

民事訴訟法第400條
除別有規定外，確定之終局判決就經裁判之訴訟標的，有既判力。
主張抵銷之請求，其成立與否經裁判者，以主張抵銷之額為限，有既判力。

the civil case: the compulsory insurance include today before, exclude after tomorrow.

 the civil case: the compulsory insurance include today before, exclude after tomorrow.

the fact:
the 17th February 2023, 17:10 o'clock, on some place, traffic accident happen.
vehicle BOO-OO21: driver and owner Mr Lin.
vehicle EOO-OO36: driver and owner Miss Wang.

the probability cause of the accident on the initial judgment:
Mr Lin:
change the lane, without let straight vehicle first.
(traffic safe rule: article 98, 1, subparagraph 6)
Miss Wang:
(blank)

Mr Lin appointed Mr Xiao at mediation.

the actually record of the mediation clauses:
1.for Wang's damage of body and vehicle, Lin pay Wang 300 thousands new Taiwan dollars (same below) total, include compulsory insurance benefits before today, the 17th may 2023, exclude after tomorrow.
2. expiration of the payment : the 16th June 2023, transfer into the account(post bank:000000-0520000).
3. except the compulsory insurance benefits, both agree to give up the civil claim , both agree wouldn't pursue the criminal liability, complainant withdraw the criminal complaint.(ending)

the 18th May 2023, submit to the local court for the review.

the 25th May 2023, the judicial affairs officer disapproved the mediation.
the reason of the disapproving:
according the record of mediation:"Lin pay Wang 300 thousands new Taiwan dollars total, include compulsory insurance benefits before today" so on.
ostensibly, the 300 thousands not include Wang's whole damage for body and vehicle completely.
for this payment, which damage is the subject, such as medical expenses before someday, or salary some period, that should be written on the clauses, in order to avoid quarreling in future.

my opinion:
before the first January 2023, the mediation reviewed by judge,
have not yet be disapproved because of recording like this.

the judicial affair officer's "ostensibly", split into two.
first, write down the total, but not write down include the whole compulsory insurance benefits completely.
second, I should write down the subjects of the payment.

if I want to revise the clauses, is that deleting the "total" enough?
or adding the subjects of the payment?
recording such is trivial, unusual, and may be omit something important carelessly.

the agency of the insurance company at the mediation site, they had got the mediation recording copy, on the basis of that could pay off the insurance benefits.
if payment on time afterward, parties wouldn't ask me for the authenticated copy of mediation recording.

if revising need my extra hard work, in addition it is uncertainty approving or not.
I usually take the dossiers back in the cabinet, not revising.

民調駁回案例_含調解當日以前之強制險理賠，不含調解當日之翌日以後之強制險理賠

民調駁回案例_含調解當日以前之強制險理賠，不含調解當日之翌日以後之強制險理賠

實事:
民國112年2月8日17時10分許，在OO市OO路OO號處，
車號:BOO-OO21駕駛兼車主:林先生(無人傷)(無車損)
車號:EOO-OO36駕駛兼車主:王小姐(有人傷)(有車損)，
發生交通事故。

初判表記載可能之肇事原因:
林先生:
變換車道，未讓直行車先行。(道安規則第98條第1項第6款)
王小姐:
(空白)

林先生委任蕭先生到場調解。


成立調解之具體記載內容：
1.就王小姐之人傷及車損，林先生給付王小姐總額新臺幣(下同)30萬元整(含今日112年5月17日以前之強制險理賠，不含明日18日以後之強制險理賠)。
2.應於民國112年6月16日前匯入指定之金融帳戶內給付完畢(郵局000000-0520000)。
3.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

112年5月18日送法院審核。

112年5月25日法院不予核定。
法院不予核定理由:
不予核定理由:依據調解筆錄(書)記載:「就王小姐之人傷及車損，林先生給付王小姐總額新臺幣30萬元(含11
2年5月17日以前之強制理賠)」等語。形式上推之，系爭30萬元未涵蓋王小姐因此次交通事故所受「全部」人傷
損害之賠償。則此次賠償金額，究係針對王小姐人傷中何特定損害(例如何年月日前已發生之醫療支出、或何期
間之失能工作損害)，應詳予究明並記載，以避免日後可能紛爭。

筆者短評:
在112年1月1日以前由法官審核調解書，如此記載沒有被駁回的紀錄。

司法事務官的駁回「形式上推之」，應是分二段。
一是，記載總額，但後面卻又記不含全部的強制險。
二是，應記明此次賠償金額是針對哪些特定損害。

所以如果我要補正，是把之前的「總額」拿掉即可?
還是一定要加記所賠償的損害的範圍?
這太瑣碎了，一般不會這樣記，而且可能會掛一漏萬。

保險公司人員在調解當天已經拿到成立筆錄的影本，已足以對公司內部請款。
事後有按時付款的話，當事人通常也不會再來跟我索取調解書正本。

補正如果徒增麻煩，會不會通過核定又不確定。
我都直接收回卷櫃，收工不補了。

criminal case_offenses against reputation, et cetera.

 criminal case_offenses against reputation, et cetera.

the fact:
criminal complainant: Mr. Lu.
criminal accused: Mr. Lin.
21:45 o'clock, 29th October 2022, in the McDonald' branch.
Lin is a customer, Lu is the clerk of the McDonald's branch.
Lin didn't wear mask on face, Lu please Lin cover the mask.
Lin curse Lu "fuck your mother" "fuck pussy".
then Lu go to police station, file the complaint for infringing his reputation.
during the investigating,
the public prosecutor transfer the case to the borough mediation committee.

the clauses of the mediation settlement:
1.Lin apologize to Lu at the site.
2.Lu withdraw the criminal complainant.
3.both agree abandon the remaining civil claim, and not persecute other side criminal responsibility, the complainant withdraw the criminal complaint.

Lu signed the "agree withdraw complaint form" at the site.

the third may 2023,
the borough hall submit the mediation the local court for reviewed by judicial affair officer.
at the same time, mail the record of the mediation clause and the withdraw complaint form to the local prosecutors' office, who transfer that case.
the 15th may 2023, the local court approved the case.

my comment:
1.Lin give the red envelope to Lu in addition, besides apologizing. but not in the record.
2.in the borough mediation, recording the withdraw complaint , if the court have approved it, deemed as withdraw already.
sign the withdrawal complaint form is unnecessary.
but the local prosecutors' office transfer the case adding the withdraw complaint form and express that please the complainant sign if the settlement reached.

the problem is:
if the court disapproved, but the withdraw complaint form had be mailed to the local prosecutors' office,
how to deal with that?
accomplishing mediation deemed as withdrawn, and signing withdraw complaint form, has the same effect separately.
even if the court disapproved the mediation, the withdraw complaint form had be mailed to the local prosecutors' office,
the criminal complaint would be withdrawn too.
only left the victim civil claim.

the other measure:
when the mediation reach settlement, not mail to local prosecutor as same time.
submitting to the court, until the court review completely, after that, mailing to the prosecutor.
hence, the prosecutor would receive the mediation record, withdraw complaint form, and the court disapproved document simultaneously.
the purpose is that prosecutor would notice the court disapproved the case.
how to deal with the withdraw complaint form, up to the prosecutor.

The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act
Article 28
For the criminal cases instituted only upon the complaint, the successful mediation is reached during the investigation or before the conclusion of debate in the court of first instance and the intention of withdrawing the complaint of the party has been recorded in the mediation agreement, which is approved by the court, the complaint or private prosecution shall be deemed as withdrawn at the time the successful mediation is reached.

刑事調解案例_妨害名譽等

刑事調解案例_妨害名譽等

案例事實:
刑事告訴人:盧某
刑事被告:林某
民國111年10月29日21時45分許，在某市某區麥當勞分店，
林某為顧客，盧某為麥當勞員工，
林某未戴口罩，盧某向林某勸導，盧某請林某戴口罩，
林某回罵「幹你娘機掰」「耖基掰」。
於是盧某至派出所提出妨害名譽告訴。
檢察官偵察中轉介公所調解委員會。


調解成立的具體記載:
本件為臺灣OO地方檢察署112年偵字第OOOO號妨害名譽等案件(O股)
雙造同意成立調解：
1.林某當場向盧某道歉。
2.盧某同意撤回刑事告訴。
3.雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

盧某並當場簽具「撤回告訴狀」。

區公所於112年5月3日函送地方法院審核，
同時把成立筆錄(影本)和撤回告訴狀函復轉介的地檢署。
地方法院於112年5月15日准予核定。


筆者說明:
1.林某除了向盧某道歉，現場還包了一包紅包給盧某。但沒有記在筆錄上。
2.在鄉鎮市調解，只要記明撤回告訴，法院核定後就視為撤回告訴，是不用再簽一次撤回告訴狀。
但地檢署都會在移送公文中加附一張撤回告訴狀，並註明調解成立請告訴人簽名。

有問題的點是:
如果法院駁回，但撤回告訴狀已經送至地檢署了，怎麼辦?
調解成立而視為撤回，和具狀撤告，兩相獨立，有各自的效力。
一旦法院駁回調解，撤回告訴狀已經送至地檢署，仍生撤回告訴的效力。
受害人只剩民事求償權了。

另一種作法是，
調解成立後，不同時函復地檢。
而是先送法院審核，等法院核定後再函復地檢。
這時候地檢就會收到，調解成立的筆錄影本、撤回告訴狀、法院駁回函。
就是讓檢察官知道，此件法院駁回。
至於撤回告訴狀要怎麼處理，就看檢察官了。


鄉鎮市調解條例第28條
告訴乃論之刑事事件於偵查中或第一審法院辯論終結前，調解成立，並於調解書上記載當事人同意撤回意旨，經法院核定者，視為於調解成立時撤回告訴或自訴。

the absence of identity document and the issue of the same person.

the absence of identity document and the issue of the same person.

the traffic case, disapproved due in the absence of identity document,
and the issue of the same person.

the fact:
24th January 2023, at 24 o'clock,
the traffic accident involved the two motorcycles.
motorcycle A: the driver Zhan A, the owner Zhan B;
motorcycle B: the driver Ceng A, the owner Ceng B;
both owners commission to the drivers be present in the mediation.

the possible cause recorded in the initial judgement of traffic accedent:
driver Zhan A: stop priror to turn around, notice whether other vehicle or not, then turn around.(the safe rule of traffic article 106, 5)
driver Ceng A:(blank)

the mediation settlement:
Zhan A give Ceng A 35 thousands, excluded compulsory insurance.
among, on the tenth march 2023 pay the 15 thousands, on the tenth july 2023 pay 20 thousands.

splitted to two cases, writing down in here:

civil 14(driver Zhan A give driver Ceng A 20 thousands)
1. the case be confined to Ceng A's body and wage et cetera.
2. driver Zhan A give driver Ceng A 20 thousands in New Taiwan dollar(same below) by himself(excluded compulsory insurance).
3. before the tenth july 2023, transfer into the designated account number:some number.
4. in civil, both give up the remaining right of civil claim; in criminal, both give up the right of the claim for investigating the criminal, the complainant withdraw the complaint.

civil 15(driver Zhan A give owner Ceng B 15 thousands)
1. the case be confined to Ceng B's vehicle.
2. driver Zhan A give driver Ceng B 15 thousands in New Taiwan dollar(same below) by himself(excluded compulsory insurance).
3. before the tenth march 2023, transfer into the account number designated by the commissioned :some number.
4. in civil, both give up the remaining right of civil claim; in criminal, both give up the right of the claim for investigating the criminal, the complainant withdraw the complaint.

result after court review:
civil 14(driver Zhan A give driver Ceng A 20 thousands):
disapproved.
reason:in absence of the identity document in the docket, for avoiding the issue of same person, need to be provided.
civil 15(driver Zhan A give owner Ceng B 15 thousands):
approved.

my comment:
1.about the disapproved reason.
the documents in the two cases are same completely,
but one case approved, the other disapproved.

some documents could be substituted mutually.
e.g.
identity card could be substituted by national health insurance card, driving licence, household certificate, household registration transcript.
vehicle registration could be substituted by Motor Vehicles information Service web inquiry, vehicle scrapping paper.
ownership certificate of land or building by land or building registration inquiry, land or building transcript.

the case special on there:
I have forgotten to add the copy of the Zhan A's identity card, but he give the Zhan B's to me.
hence I add the office mail of querying result by police, to be substitution.

received the court's disapproved of the civil 14,
I connected the Zhan A, please he send the photo of his identity card to me.
I print out and add in the docket, submit to the court again.

2.about the "same person" issue:
there is academic.
in the real world, that is difficult to prove "who is the guy".
the identity number is not carved in the someone's body inside.
the individual, since the birth, accumulating of the relationship and evaluation.
in practice, that is difficult to prove the guy in present is that guy in the accident.
this is the original of the issue.

3.about "wage et cetera".
civil 14(driver Zhan A give driver Ceng A 20 thousands) the case be confined to Ceng A's body and "wage et cetera".
the damage of the traffic accident can be distinguished as the damage of vehicle and the damage of body. the wage belong to the damage of the body.
the is academic too.
the cause of the torts divided in the cause of the liability and the cause of the loss.
the cause of the liability mean the cause between "the action" and "the damage of special right".
the cause of the loss mean the cause between "the damage of special right" and "loss".
so, I usually don't write down the "wage et cetera", which will be included in the loss of the body damage, that's enough.

the case due to the special please of the parties, so I written down it.
even if treated as excluded, inevitable end in the "4. in civil, both give up the remaining right of civil claim".

4.about "case splitted".
the purpose of case splitted  for the score look good, assessing the performance would count the amount of the cases.
even if the borough get the championship in the city, the big borough only have award 144,655 New Taiwan Dollar, the small borough, like my location, only 30,998.
(data of 2021, the award rule of borough mediation by ministry of justice)
couldn't regarded as overtime payment, spend out in limited period, almost equal to one work more, I would rather not have it.

交通案例-沒附身分證遭駁回，兼談「當事人同一性」

交通案例-沒附身分證遭駁回，兼談「當事人同一性」

案例事實:
民國112年1月24日19時許，
二部機車發生交通事故
A機車:騎士詹甲，車主詹乙
B機車:騎士曾甲，車主曾乙
車主均委任騎士代理出席調解會議

交通事故初判表記載之可能肇因:
騎士詹甲:迴車前應暫停，看清有無往來車輛，始得迴轉(道安規則第106條第5款)
騎士曾甲:(空白)

調解成立條件:
詹甲給付曾甲3.5萬元，不含強制險
其中，1.5萬元112年5月10日前給付，2萬元民國112年7月10日前給付。

拆案成二案，具體記載如下:

民調14(騎士詹甲給付騎士曾甲2萬元整)
1.本件調解範圍:騎士曾甲人損及薪資等經濟損失。
2.騎士詹甲單獨給付騎士曾甲總額新臺幣(下同)2萬元整(給付金額不含強制險)。
3.應於民國112年7月10日前匯入騎士曾甲指定之金融帳戶內給付完畢(台新銀行(812)帳號)。
4.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

民調15(騎士詹甲給付車主曾乙1.5萬元整)
1.本件調解範圍: 車主曾乙車損。
2.就車主曾乙車損，騎士詹甲單獨給付車主曾乙總額新臺幣(下同)1萬5千元整(給付金額不含強制險)。
3.應於民國112年5月10日前匯入車主曾乙之委任代理人指定之金融帳戶內給付完畢(台新銀行(812)帳號)。
4.民事部分，除強制險外，雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權;刑事部分，雙造均同意不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)


結果:
民調14(騎士詹甲給付騎士曾甲2萬元整)
不予核定
理由:卷內未見對造人兼受任人詹某之身分證明文件，為避免當事人同一性產生爭議，應另行補正。

民調15(騎士詹甲給付車主曾乙1.5萬元整)
准予核定

筆者說明:
1.關於駁回理由
這二案附上的資料完全一樣，結果一個准、一個駁。

有些文件可以相互取代，如:
身分證可以改用:健保卡、駕照、戶口名簿、戶籍謄本
行照可以改用:監理服務網(行照查詢有效期限)、報廢單、
土地建物所有權狀:土地建物查詢資料、土地建物登記謄本

這次比較特別
我忘了當場向騎士詹甲要詹甲的身分證影印留存，車主詹乙的他倒是有給我了
於是附上警局查詢當事人資料的函復公文，當代替。

收到民調14的不予核定函後，我聯絡騎士詹甲請他傳他的身分證照片給我
我印出後附上卷宗，再送法院審核一次。

2.關於「當事人同一性」
這裡比較學術
在現實世界裡，要證明「這是何人」是一件非常困難的事情。
身分證字號並非物理嵌入人體裡面
個人的存在，是從生出的一刻起，經年累月的人際關係和外在評價
在實務上如何證明眼前的這個人，就是案發時的那個人
就是「當事人同一性」問題的緣由

2.關於「薪資等經濟損失」
民調14(騎士詹甲給付騎士曾甲2萬元整)調解範圍:騎士曾甲人損及「薪資等經濟損失」。
一般交通事故分人傷和車損，薪資是屬於人傷的責任範圍
這裡也比較學術
侵權行為的因果關係區分為「責任成立因果關係」與「責任範圍因果關係」
「責任成立因果關係」指「侵害行為」與「特定權利」之間的因果關係
「責任範圍因果關係」指「特定權利受侵害」後與「損害」之間的因果關係
所以通常我不會把「薪資等經濟損失」另外寫明，而是包含在人損裡面

這件是當事人特別要求，所以列出。
就算被認為不含括，也會在第4點「拋棄其餘民事之請求權」被結束掉。

3.關於拆案
拆案是為了讓案件表面上多一點，成績評比時會算案件數。
但就算拿到區域第一名，大區也不過送你144,655元，小區，如筆者所在地，只有30,998元。
(110年度資料、「法務部鄉鎮市調解獎勵金核發要點」)
而且也不能當加班費發放，限期花完，等於多一項業務，不如不要。

the case of the traffic accident, one case splitted into several cases

the case of the traffic accident, one case splitted into several cases:
driver, vehicle owner, and passenger.

the fact of the case:
about 20:14, in some day, December, 2022
(the timestamp is related to the application of the law)
Mr. Zhou, who was driver and owner, ride a motorcycle with passenger Miss Weng,
Miss gao, who was driver and owner, ride a motorcycle,
happen to the traffic accident,
both be injured on the bodies and possessions.

on the first January 2023, the judicial yuan issue a decree,
the mediation settlements to be approved by judicial affairs officers.
before that, approved by judge.

the record on the initial analysis of the traffic accident
Mr. Zhou:
1. ignored situation in front of the vehicle(the traffic safety rule article 94, 3)
2. not keep the safe distance(the traffic safety rule article 94, 1)

Miss Gao:
1.    should not turn around, on the line that separate the direction.(the traffic safety rule article 106, 2)
2. should not suddenly slow down, brakes, or stop on the traffic lane.(the traffic safety rule article 94, 2)

the settlements of the mediation:
Mr. Zhou pay Miss Gao 120 thousands in new Taiwan dollar.
Gao pay Zhou six thousands.
Gao pay Weng three thousands six hundreds.
all included compulsory insurance, part of be paid on the site.

for performance, the borough office, mean that is up to me, the case be splitted  one into three.

the actual written as below:
civil case 07 (Mr. Zhou pay Miss Gao 120 thousands.)
1.this case confine the damage of Gao's vehicle and body.
2.for Gao's vehicle and body, Zhou pay Gao 120 thousands new Taiwan dollar(same below), the amount include compulsory insurance, should pay before seventh, April, 2023.
3.if obtain the compulsory insurance afterwards , the claimant who defined by law got total more than the settlements, both agree, the more wouldn't return.
4.both agree to give up the others civil right in this case, and don't pursue another for criminal liability, the complainant withdraw the complaint.(end)

civil case 08 (Miss Gao pay Mr. Zhou six thousands.)
1.this case confine the damage of Zhou's vehicle and body.
2.for Zhou's vehicle and body, Gao pay Zhou six thousands new Taiwan dollar(same below) on the site, check and accept on the site. the amount include compulsory insurance.
3.if obtain the compulsory insurance afterwards , the claimant who defined by law got total more than the settlements, both agree, the more wouldn't return.
4.both agree to give up the others civil right in this case, and don't pursue another for criminal liability, the complainant withdraw the complaint.(end)

civil case 09 (Miss Gao pay Miss Weng three thousands six hundreds.)
1.this case confine the damage of Weng's.
2.for Weng's, Gao pay Weng three thousands six hundreds new Taiwan dollar(same below) on the site, check and accept on the site. the amount include compulsory insurance.
3.if obtain the compulsory insurance afterwards , the claimant who defined by law got total more than the settlements, both agree, the more wouldn't return.
4.both agree to give up the others civil right in this case, and don't pursue another for criminal liability, the complainant withdraw the complaint.(end)

because the judge Mr. Zhou ever say:
"disapprove, reason: the compensation include the compulsory insured on the settlement, but all paid by the perpetrator, if obtain the compulsory insured afterward, the payment will over the settlement, should the extra be returned or not, will dispute."
so I add the "3.if obtain the compulsory insured afterwards , the claimant who defined by law got total more than the settlements, both agree, the more wouldn't return."

eighth march 2023, the three cases be submitted to the court.

afterward,

25 march 2023,
civil case 08 (Miss Gao pay Mr. Zhou six thousands.)
the court approved it.

tenth April 2023,
civil case 09 (Miss Gao pay Miss Weng three thousands six hundreds.)
the court disapproved it.
disapproved reason:
1.Miss Gao' identity number is error.
2.Miss Gao' vehicle number is error.
3."the record fo the mediation fact had "the damage of vehicle" "the damage of body", but this case confine "for Weng's", the scope of the mediation either vehicle or body, that's question."

24 April 2023,
civil case 07 (Mr. Zhou pay Miss Gao 120 thousands.) ,disapproved too.
disapproved reason:
"the article 2 of this settlement say include the compulsory insurance, mean the total compensation is 120 thousands, but the article 3 say that "if obtain the compulsory insurance afterwards , got total more than the settlements, the more wouldn't return." if the clause of settlement carry out before seventh April 2023, the compulsory insurance receive after that, the victim will get double amount, there is question."

then I delete the article 3 about overpayment, submit it to the court again.
ninth may 2023, the court approved the mediation settlement.

after
civil case 08 (Miss Gao pay Mr. Zhou six thousands.)
civil case 07 (Mr. Zhou pay Miss Gao 120 thousands.)
all get approving.
then I fix
civil case 09 (Miss Weng pay Miss Gao three thousands six hundreds.)
and submit to the court again.

my short opinion:
before first January 2023, the mediation settlement approved by judge.
thereafter by judicial affairs officers.

someone indicate that "I understand than you", but don't understand actually,
ostensibly indicate "there you wrong" is good method.
if someone "I understand than you", and understand actually,
the better method is to indicate"there you wrong", and "how to do correctly."
but once the court disapprove, they scarcely indicate how to make clause correctly.
most indicate you are wrong, let you to guess which one possibly is right.

the judge trial independently,
some judges approve courageously if the settlement is correct roughly.
some judges review the clauses trivially, like a language teacher.
judicial affairs officer' power is so weak on workplace, dominated by the judge.
disapproving is relative easy choice for officers.
if approved, enforcement in the future, discover the ambiguous in the settlement,
the officer who approve will be notified.
if disapproved,
the settlement is just a contract privately,
afterward lawsuit that irrelevant with the review standard of the judicial affairs officer.

the mediation clerk too.
if mediation not settle, I would donate the parties a civil lawsuit paper or a criminal complaint paper.
help him or her to the court.
if mediation settle down, following up to write clause, to sort out documents, answer parties what to do the other one violate.
once in a while, I think that not reach an agreement is better, I wouldn't have to work so hard.

note:
The Township and County-Administered City Mediation Act
Amended Date：2023-01-13
Article 26
Within ten days as the mediation has been accomplished, the townships or county-administered cities shall submit the mediation agreement, evidences, and relevant materials to the court within its jurisdiction for further review.
The mediation agreement in the proceeding paragraph shall be reviewed by the court immediately. For the approval of the mediation agreement, the judge shall sign his/her signature and affix the official seal with the agreement. After keeping one copy of the mediation agreement as the dossier, the agreement shall be returned to the townships or county-administered cities and the service shall be effectuated upon the parties with relevant documents.
For the cases referred by the courts, townships and county-administered cities shall submit the copy of the service report to the referring court.
When the mediation agreement cannot get approved by the court, due to its contents violating the rules or conflicting with public policy or public moral, the court shall inform the township or county-administered cities with the reasons. For the cases referred by the court and getting disapproval, the litigation proceeding shall resume accordingly.
For the service of the mediation documents, the provisions of the service of process under the Taiwan Code of Civil Procedure shall apply mutatis mutandis.

judicial yuan 19 September 111 ROC
number 1110028026 and 1110028010 issue the order:
"the scope of judicial affairs officers' work"

the order of judicial yuan is not identical the literal meaning of the law in fact.

交通拆案案例，駕駛、車主、乘客。

 交通拆案案例，駕駛、車主、乘客。

案例事實:
111年12月20時14時許,
(時間點涉及法律適用)
周男騎機車載翁女，和高女騎機車，發生交通事故,
雙方均有人傷和車損

112年1月1日司法院令，調解書改由司法事務官審核。
在此之前,是由法官審核。

初判表記載的肇因:
周男:
1.未注意車前狀況(道安規則第94條第3項)。
2.未保時安全距離(道安規則第94條第1項)。

高女
1.劃有分向限制線之路段，不得迴車(道安規則第106條第2款)。
2.除遇突發狀況必須減速外，不得任意驟然減速、煞車或於車道中暫停(道安規則第94條第2項)。

成立調解的條件:
周男賠高女12萬元。
高女賠周男6千元。
高女賠翁女3千6百元。
均含強制險，都是當場付清。

為了績效，公所，就是我決定的，把這件拆成三案。

具體記載如下:
民調07(周男賠高女12萬元)。
一、本件調解範圍:高女之人損及車損。
二、就高女之人損及車損，周男給付高女總額新臺幣(下同)12萬元整(給付金額含強制險)，應於民國112年4月7日前給付完畢。
三、日後強制險若經理賠，而強制險法律規定之請求權人獲賠金額超出約定之賠償金額時，溢領部分，雙造約定，無需返還。
四、雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)


民調08(高女賠周男6千元)。
一、本件調解範圍:周男之人損及車損。
二、就周男之人損及車損，高女當場給付周男新臺幣(下同)6千元整(給付金額含強制險)，當場點收無訛。
三、日後強制險若經理賠，而強制險法律規定之請求權人獲賠金額超出約定之賠償金額時，溢領部分，雙造約定，無需返還。
四、雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)


民調09(高女賠翁女3千6百元)。
一、本件調解範圍:翁女之人損。
二、就翁女之人損，高女當場給付翁女新臺幣(下同)3千6百元整(給付金額含強制險)，當場點收無訛。
三、日後強制險若經理賠，而強制險法律規定之請求權人獲賠金額超出約定之賠償金額時，溢領部分，雙造約定，無需返還。
四、雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任，刑事告訴人同意撤回刑事告訴。(以下空白)

因為有位周姓法官曾以「不予核定理由:兩造約定賠償金額已包含強制險理賠，但由聲請人負擔全部賠償金額，日後強制險若經理賠，賠金額將超出約定金額，則溢領部分，應否返還，徒生爭執。」不予核定，將案件退回公所。
加記「日後強制險若經理賠，而強制險法律規定之請求權人獲賠金額超出約定之賠償金額時，溢領部分，雙造約定，無需返還。」

112年3月8日將此三案函送法院審核。



後來，

112年3月25日
民調08(高女賠周男6千元)，准予核定。

112年4月10日
但民調09(高女賠翁女3千6百元)，遭駁回。
不予核定理由:
1.高女身分證字號不符。
2.高女車牌號碼不符。
3.「調解原因事實記載為「有車損」、「有人傷」，惟調解成立內容範圍記載為「翁女之人損」，則調解範圍究竟為車損抑或人傷，即非無疑。」

112年4月24日
民調07(周男賠高女12萬元)，也遭駁回。
不予核定理由:
「本件調解內容第二項約定之給付金額註明含強制險，即全部賠償金額應為12萬元，但第三項又約定日後強制險如經理賠，獲賠金額超出約定之賠償金額時，溢領部分無需返還，對造人如於112年4月7日前給付，日後強制險才理賠，聲請人獲賠金額將可能逾第二項約定金額之一倍，故不明確。」
其後筆者把第三項溢領約定予以刪除，再送法院審核。
112年5月9日法院准予核定。

在民調08(高女賠周男6千元)民調07(周男賠高女12萬元)兩案都收到法院的核定函後
我再把民調09(高女賠翁女3千6百元)修正後送法院審核，現在正審核中。

筆者短評:
調解書原由法官審核，112年1月1日司法院令，調解書改由司法事務官審核。

一般人要表示「我比你懂」，但實際上自己也不懂，
最好的方法，就是指出「你這裡不對」。
如果「我比你懂」，但實際上自己也真的懂，
正確的方法，是指出「你這裡不對」並指出「如何做才對」。
但法院的駁回文書，幾乎不曾指出什麼樣的條款文句才正確。
大都是說你錯，再讓你自己去猜怎麼寫條款。

法官獨任審判，有的法官比較大膽，整體可以就核准，有的比較喜歡當國文小老師，喜歡挑枝節問題。
司法事務官就更弱了，處處受法官監督支配。
駁回對司法事務官是相對輕鬆的選擇。
因為調解書一旦核定，
將來強制執行或文義有疑義，一定會檢討予以核定的司法事務官。
調解書如不予核定，
調解書就只是一份私法契約，續行訟訴也不會檢討司法事務官的審核標準。

調解秘書也是，
調解不成立，我有時還會多附一張民事起訴狀或刑事告訴狀，
讓當事人去找法院。
調解成立，後續條款擬具、書類整理、當事人問對方沒付錢怎麼辦。
有時想想不如不成立，省得輕鬆。

附記:
鄉鎮市調解條例第26條
「鄉、鎮、市公所應於調解成立之日起十日內，將調解書及卷證送請移付或管轄之法院審核。
前項調解書，法院應儘速審核，認其應予核定者，應由法官簽名並蓋法院印信，除抽存一份外，併調解事件卷證發還鄉、鎮、市公所送達當事人。法院移付調解者，鄉、鎮、市公所應將送達證書影本函送移付之法院。」

司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028026號函。
司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028010號令「司法事務官辦理各類事務之範圍」。

其實司法院的院令不合法律文義。

刑警出借私人機車給流氓

 刑警出借私人機車給流氓。

案情簡述:警察局轉介，開車的肇逃，騎機車的受傷。
開車者下稱A小姐，騎士下稱B先生，機車車主下稱C先生。
肇事主因是A小姐，次因是騎士B。

開會前一天聯絡，我向騎機車的當事人要車籍資料，因警局函送顯示騎士不是車主。
但騎士卻很不高興，說車主已經授權他處理，不需要交出車籍。
我問有無車主的委任書?
騎士轉請車主打電話給我。
騎士B和車主C口氣都很差，和我起口角衝突，在電話裡面罵三字經，又喊要找里長和區長。
車主都願意打電話給我了，出具委任書有這麼難嗎?

明天開會騎士B如果持續對我辱罵，為了擔心，若有調解委員忍不住回嘴，我又要寫報告了。
被民眾嗆罵不是問題，民眾找里長議員等等我也不怕。
就怕他打1999，我又要寫報告了。
於是我在line群組中發布:
「向主席和各位委員報告:
今天小弟和明天第一組的對造人電話聯絡時。
在要車主資料的時候起了一點口角。
如果當事人明天情緒仍然很激動,請幫我安撫。
如果他們不願提供車籍和身分資料,
不勉強,調解不成立請他們回家即可,
謝謝大家..」

第二天開會，騎士B看到開車A小姐，火氣全出在A小姐身上。沒我的事了。
騎士B帶了幾個朋友加律師來助陣。
過失傷害罪的被害人找律師，真教人滿頭問號。

結果不成立雙方請回。

事後查了騎士B和車主C。
發現騎士B是當地流氓(非筆者轄區)，有恐嚇、詐欺、竊盜多項前科。
車主C竟然是該地刑警。這是什麼關係?

事後，案發地的里長真的有來問我開會情形。
騎士B臉皮也敢去找里長。騎士B是外地人。
騎士B雖是流氓，但本案肇責A小姐較多。
騎士B兇成這樣，大概是難得抓到站在正義一方的機會，想表現一下吧。
但在調解會兇是沒有義意的。

未經合法代理而調解的案例

 未經合法代理而調解的案例

收到一件青少年打群架的傷害案件，案由是「妨害秩序、傷害、毁棄損壞等」
檢察署分案「少連偵」

收案時告訴人未成年，但差二個月就成年，檢察官轉介單列他的阿公是法定代理人，我請他出具戶籍，他的戶籍顯示單親，媽媽才是法定代理人。原本我以為反正不會成立，所以直接排下去開調解會，結果竟然成立了。
列告訴人的阿公為法定代理人，送核定結果被法院駁回。
不予核定理由:「告訴人於112年月日提出委任狀委任某某為代理人進行本件調解。惟查，告訴人僅17歲，為限制行為能力人，而依卷附戶口名簿所載，告訴人之法定代理人應為其母。則告訴人委任某某，應得其母之允許或承認，該委任始能生效。」

因為差成年也沒剩幾天，於是我把案子收回來放二個月，等到告訴人成年再請他來公所簽「承認書」。
補正後第二次送核定。這次法院願意予以核定。

未經合法代理，屬於無效判決，可以上訴第三審，可以聲請再審。是蠻嚴重的錯誤。

民法第81條
限制行為能力人於限制原因消滅後，承認其所訂立之契約者，其承認與法定代理人之承認，有同一效力。

民事訴訟法
第二章第三審程序
第469條
有下列各款情形之一者，其判決當然為違背法令：
四、當事人於訴訟未經合法代理。
第五編再審程序
第496條
有下列各款情形之一者，得以再審之訴對於確定終局判決聲明不服。但當事人已依上訴主張其事由或知其事由而不為主張者，不在此限：
五、當事人於訴訟未經合法代理者。

 

 

調解案件從法官審核，改由司法事務官審核後的寬嚴問題

「司法事務官辦理各類事務之範圍」經司法院111年9月19日院台廳司一字第1110028010號令修正發布，依鄉鎮市調解條例26條所作成之調解書，原由法官審核，自民國112年1月1日起改由司法事務官承辦調解書審核事務。

最近有2件送核定，被法院駁回的案件。
正好可以說明，調解案件從法官審核，改由司法事務官審核後的寬嚴問題。

從法官的觀點，若不核定，將來上民事庭，仍要由法官寫判決書，為了省事，法官審核從寬。
從司法事務官的觀點，若核定，將來上執行處，則要由司法事務官辦理強制執行，為了省事，司法事務官不如駁回，讓他們上法院取得法官的判決主文。

第一件，上下層房屋漏水案
本件事實:
詹OO管理之OO市OO街OO號1樓(下稱A屋)、方OO管理之OO市OO街OO號2樓(下稱B屋)，其間有漏水問題。
雙造同意成立調解：
一、方OO同意修繕B屋之漏水以不滲漏至A屋為止，方OO同意於民國112年4月1日前修繕完畢，修繕費用由方OO負擔。
二、雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任。(以下空白)

司法事務官駁回理由:
1.聲請調解之依據為何?1樓的聲請人和建物謄本記載的所有人不同，應補正委任狀。
2.相對人只有2樓的所有權應有部分1/2，應將其他共有人一併納入，俾利紛爭一次解決。
3.應修繕之具體範圍、工程之具體步驟應記載明確，日後執行名義才會明確。

筆者短評:
就法院駁回的理由1.
為什麼聲請調解一定要有什麼依據，我住樓下他管樓上，水漏下來了，樓下居住品質變差，就算我不是所有權人，我是借兄弟姐妹的房子來住，住了十幾年，我不能請樓上修漏水嗎?
就法院駁回的理由2.
有人願意修就好了，為什麼一定要全部所有權人都出面?為什麼紛爭要一次解決?
分次解決或部分解決不行嗎?
筆者知道，訴訟法上希望紛爭一次解決，邱聯恭許士宦沈冠伶大力倡導，這位司法事務官顯然學說中毒過深，不能一次解決的話寧可駁回，把案件推向法院。
就法院駁回的理由3.
雙方有修復的誠意即可，要鑑定、要顧工、要列出具體步驟，很貴的，在調解當場也不可能列出具體步驟。而且就算列出具體範圍、具體步驟，就一定可以執行嗎?
房屋漏水上法院一定要鑑定，鑑定費用分為初勘5千元，出具鑑定書5萬元，現在可能漲價了，實際修復費用數十萬到上百萬，還不一定修得好。會來調解會就是為了省錢。
具體內容的記載，只能是職業道德上的呼籲，做為駁回理由，這是在強人所難。

第二件，夫妻吵家務整理
本件事實:朱OO、陳OO為夫妻，現因家務整理而有糾紛。
雙造同意成立調解：
一、雙方同意，一起將共同住所地「OO市OO路OO巷OO號」之雜物清理乾淨，在民國112年2月28日前清理乾淨完畢。
二、雙方同意配合清理及共同努力維持生活乾淨整潔。
三、雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任。(以下空白)

司法事務官駁回理由:
紛爭原因屬道德及生活習慣之約束，非法律關係上請求，且內容不具體且不確定，無從執行。

筆者短評:
這件本來兩造是來吵離婚的，調解委員好說歹說，才放棄了離婚的念頭，筆者也寫了一些糢糊語句，讓雙方願意簽名。
現在司法事務官駁回，讓他們再去法院吵離婚，這樣會比較好嗎?家事事件法第187條有勸告履行制度可以使用。家事紛爭本來就要預留空間，夫妻才有辦法相處。

在過去，這些類件案法官都傾向予以核定的，因為當事人拿到法院核定的調解書，都會息事寧人，即使內容可能有問題，如當事人不一定有法律依據，執行上可能有主觀認知的差異。但只要雙方願意遵守，就能避免訴訟，甚至也不會去聲請強執。

而現在，司法事務官因為主辦強制執行事務，所以特別重視調解書上的內容是否可以實際執行。不可以執行就是駁回。坦白說，除了金錢之債，其他一定行為或不行為的記載，執行上都有一定的困難。

以下附件
此2次駁回的公文，及改由司法事務官審調解書的公文。

1120210調解業務流水帳

1120210調解業務流水帳

星期二下午
第一件
頂樓水塔漏水，滲至頂樓住戶
頂樓住戶先修繕完畢，但覺得應該由所有區權人分攤費用
參與總戶數達10戶，連里長都找來了
吵吵閙閙，有責怪水塔未經同意就安裝，有質疑費用不合理
調解不成立。

第二件
交通事故，賠付3萬元當場點收無訛。不含強制險。調解成立。

第三件
房屋漏水，樓上答應修到好。調解成立。

第四件
交通事故，初判表沒下來，各不服氣，擇日安排再調一次。

另個星期二下午
第一件
交通事故，對方爽約第二次了，推說沒收到開會通知，掛號信不去領。
聲請人準備上法院了。

第二件
房屋買賣，標的物有漏水問題，但當初買賣契約勾了沒有漏水。
賣家賠付4萬5千元整，當場點收無訛。
買方同意免除賣方就房屋之物之瑕疵擔保責任。

第三件
交通事故，對方未到場。當場發給不成立證明書。

第四件
夫嫌妻家裡沒打掃乾淨，妻嫌夫不協助清理，而且夫已退休，妻還要上班。
最後勸和。
一、雙方同意，一起將共同住所地之雜物清理乾淨，在民國112年2月28日前清理乾淨完畢。
二、雙方同意配合清理及共同努力維持生活乾淨整潔。
三、雙造均同意拋棄其餘民事之請求權並不追究對方之刑事責任。(以下空白)

minor fight each other, the injured file the crime complaint to prosecutor, the prosecutor referral to mediation of the borough hall.

 the brief of the fact:
minor fight each other, the injured file the crime complaint to prosecutor, the prosecutor referral to mediation of the borough hall.
perpetrators are three, the victim only one guy.
both are minor, but the parents of both sides didn't be present in the date of mediation.
both sided represented by agents, who was present actually.

the clause of settlement:
1. the each one perpetrators pay the victim fifty thousands (new Taiwan dollar, as same as below), no joint responsibility, the sum is 150 thousands.
2. by instalments, since this February, each 10th of month, pay five thousands, until payment completed. if which instalment not paid off on time, all of the later instalments to be deem as fall due.
3. both parts give up the civil right of the lawsuit and give up the right for the crime complaint.
4. the one, who has filed the crime complaint, agree to withdraw the complaint.

the reason of the judge' disapproval:
the injured is minor.
the legal representative of the injured was not empower the person ,who in present in the mediation.
that person proclaim himself is the legal representative of the minor injured.

I say that:
the format of the certification of the appointment is made by me, the clerk of the borough.
who could not be present, whom I take the certification to , whom signed by.
the victim of the case have only single parent, according to the papers of the household registration, the victim put forward.
But the papers, recorded by the prosecutor show the person present in mediation, the grandfather of the victim, is the legal representative of the victim.
in Taiwan, the citizen beyond eighteen years old considered to be grown-up, beyond eighteen, the citizen could make certain conduct by self, that conduct generate the legal relationship between others.
thence, when I learn the fact of the victim eighteen not yet, I require the grandfather of the victim for the papers of household registration.
because injured, the victim in home can not walk out, his grandfather said.
in the date of the mediation, time is finite, I can not let mediator to wait for nothing, I must make the decision immediately under that situation.
when the both of party reach the settlement, I have no time to deliberate anymore.
I written down the settlements and submit it to the court, judge disagree and dismiss it, then return to my office.
I review the relevant papers again.
considering the victim will grown-up next month, beyond eighteen, I prepare to arrange the new season of the mediation after the victim grown-up.
wish to the grown-up victim would agree the settlement, that his grandfather had agreed ever.

the water of the 4th floor leaks to the 3rd floor. the resident of the 3rd floor apply the mediation.

the summary of the case:
the water of the 4th floor leaks to the 3rd floor. the resident of the 3rd floor apply the mediation.
the clause of the settlement:
1. the resident of the 4th floor promise to fix the problem of the water leakage, until not leaks to the 3rd floor, and promise fix up in a month since today.
2. the fee of the fixing would be paid by the resident of the 4th floor.
3. the both party give up the civil right of the claim in these case, and give up the right of the crime complaint.

the grounds of the judge disapproving:
the relationship of the petitioner and the 3rd floor of the building is not clear, can't review the petitioner goes to the mediation by what reason.

in Taiwan, there is rainy and warm, the water leakage between the up and down floors of the building is frequency.
If the case goes to the court, the judge will pass it to the civil engineers association for identification.
the identification of the water leakage including this stages:
1. the simple checking, the fee is 5000 new Taiwan dollar, the engineer take a look on site only.
2. the formal identification, the fee is 50,000. this is the process of the  inspecting the origin of water leakage and how to fix.
3. fixing the water leakage, the fee depending on the case, this is the major part of the law enforcement if the defendant don't fix up.

in Taiwan, the mediation of the borough hall is free of charge, but the borough hall would not pass the case to the engineers association for identification.
the settlement between the parties is done by themself, not by mediator.
if the up floor admit that the responsibility of the leakage is on him, and promise fix it, the settlement is established.
then I written down the clause according to the statement of both parties.
in order to avoid the ownership of the involved floors in disputation, I usually write down the floors managed by someone instead ownership.
I don't understand the meaning of the judge's disapproving.
the someone without relationship with some floor, can't he make the mediation or reach the settlement?
before sign a contract, there is no relationship between some people, is of course.
why require the relationship between the petitioner and some floor to make the precondition into the case?

distribute heritage by several times.

distribute heritage by several times.

I used thinking that the process of inheritance is adding up the total heritage of the decedent, then distribute to the heirs fairly.
therefore, searching the heritage of the decedent is the primary task before distribute, and must find out entire heritage.
until I read some judgements.
until I receive a inheritance case, the mediation date is arranged  three times for the case.
the first time, the subject matter of inheritance is the land and house.
the second time, the subject matter is the money of the account of the decedent.
the third time, the some heirs find out another account of the decedent, they require distribute this again.
the brief of the case is, the five brothers and sisters, their mother died, she is the decedent. fathers passed away before that. their fathers are different.
the oldest brother live with their mother long time ago, till this moment.
when their mother died, the land and the house of their mother shifted to the oldest brother.
until other sibling receive the notice of heritage tax, then they know the shift of the real estate.
other sibling think they pay mother living expenses regular, although they was not live with their mother, but their liability is accomplish.
they think the oldest brother obtained the whole of the real estate is the improper matter.
the first mediation, their settlement is the oldest brother give other sibling certain number of money, the real estate attribute to the oldest brother.
the land and house, the oldest brother was living in it.
the dozen weeks later, other sibling receive the notice of heritage tax again, the heritage tax of the accounts of the banks.
thence they require arrange mediation again, distribute the accounts again.
the first mediation had submitted to the court of the local, and the court approved it, sent back to my office, I served on the participants.
I believe the cases has finished already.
can I arrange mediation again I suspect, but I arranged again and written down the clause, and submit to the court of local again.
make clear here, I already know the heritage that of apart has been found could be distributed first, afterward if find other heritage, take the others as subject matter to be distributed again.
but the clause of mediation settlement include the "give up remaining right of claim", like other private civil settlements, can they require to distribute again?
answer is yes. the second mediation submitted to the court, and the court also approved it.
hence the third mediation, they found other heritage again, I pay attention to which bank of the accounts and text detail, written down the clause, submitted to the court, as expected , the court approve it again.